Climate Change and Environmental Concerns
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1. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. (CUET PG 2022)
Assertion A: Problems of global environmental change pose serious challenges to democratic political systems, as they currently exist.
Reason R: We need a thicker conception of citizenship, like environmental citizenship that obligates citizens to inculcate environmentally sensitive behaviour.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
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2. The Montreal Protocol limited (Presidency University Masters Entrance Questions 2017)
The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS). Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are one of the main types of ODS. These chemicals were commonly used in refrigeration, air conditioning, foam blowing, and aerosol propellants.
The protocol, which was agreed upon in 1987 and has been ratified by nearly every country in the world, sets specific timelines for the phase-out of various ODS. It has been highly successful in achieving its goals, leading to a significant reduction in the production and consumption of ODS and helping to protect the ozone layer from further depletion.
In summary, the Montreal Protocol does not limit nuclear weapons, nuclear power plants, or weapons of mass destruction. Instead, it specifically targets the emission of ozone-depleting substances like chlorofluorocarbons.
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3. Which commission among the following published the report "Our Common Future" in 1987, Which introduced the idea of Sustainable Development? (JAMMU & KASHMIR SET October 2023)
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4. Aral Sea is in news as a matter of international environmental concern. It is located between:(JAMMU & KASHMIR SET October 2023)
The Aral Sea was a saltwater lake in Central Asia that began shrinking in the 1960s and dried up by the 2010s. The name translates to "Sea of Islands" and the sea was once home to over 1,100 islands. The Aral Sea is fed by the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers.
The Aral Sea's shrinking is considered one of the worst environmental disasters on the planet. The crisis is a result of human-induced changes to the climate and landscape. The diversion of the Aral Sea's water sources for irrigation beginning in the second half of the 20th century is a major factor in its shrinking.
The Aral Sea's shrinking has destroyed the region's fishing industry, leading to unemployment and economic hardship.
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5. The Kyoto declaration on Climate Change was initiated in : (SLET 17th March 2024)
1. 2001
2. 1992 at Rio
3. 1997
4. 2008, Havana
Codes:
The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan on December 11, 1997, and entered into force on February 16, 2005. The Kyoto Protocol is the first international treaty to set legally binding targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It's an extension of the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and applies to six greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.
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6. Consider the following statements : (SLET 17th March 2024)
(a) The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) was initiated by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1982.
(b) The Brundtland Commission submitted its report in 1987.
(c) Gro Harlem Brundtland, Chairperson of the WCEP, was the former Prime Minister of U.K.
(d) The Brundtland Commission submitted its report which was entitled 'Our Common Future'.
Which of the statements given above is/are true?
It was founded in 1983 when Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, appointed Gro Harlem Brundtland, former Prime Minister of Norway, as chairperson of the commission. Brundtland was chosen due to her strong background in the sciences and public health.
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7. Which among the following terms of utmost importance is the dynamics of resource management was coined in the Brundtland Commission Report?(SLET 17th March 2024)
Sustainable development is a broad term that describes policies, projects, and investments that provide benefits today without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It's about balancing different needs while being aware of environmental, social, and economic limitations.
Sustainable development is often described as green because it focuses on limiting the impact of development on the environment. It's about: Living within environmental limits Ensuring a strong, healthy, and just society Meeting the needs of all people Promoting personal wellbeing, social cohesion, and inclusion Creating equal opportunity
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8. Paris Agreement (2015) is associated with (University of Hyderabad MA 2021)
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9. Which of the following statements are correct with respect to the Global Commons:- (DU MA 2019)
i. These are areas not under sovereign jurisdiction.
ii. They have an environmental dimension.
iii. They are owned by nation-states.
iv. The high seas, deep ocean floor and outer space come within this category.
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10. Approaches to development that emphasize the environment, often want to focus attention on which of the following? (DU MA 2021)
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11. Arrange the following UN Conventions relating to Environment in the chronological order and select the correct code: (TELANGANA SET 2022)
1. World Summit on Sustainable Development
2. UN Conference on the Human Environment
3. Paris Agreement at UNFCCC COP21
4. UN Conference on Environment & Development
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12. Assertion (A): Some carbonaceous aerosols may be carcinogenic. (Jadavpur University B.A 2017)
Reasons (A): They may contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
The assertion that some carbonaceous aerosols may be carcinogenic is incorrect, because carcinogenic refers to the oxidation of unburned ethanol, which occurs due to the combustion of biofuels. However, the reason that carbonaceous aerosols may contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is correct. PAHs are a class of chemicals that occur naturally in coal, crude oil, and gasoline, and are also produced when substances are burned. PAHs can bind to or form small particles in the air. Some PAHs may cause cancer and may affect the eyes, kidneys, and liver.
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13. RAMSAR convention is associated with (Jadavpur University B.A 2022)
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands is a treaty between nations that aims to conserve wetlands and their resources. The treaty was signed in 1971 in the Iranian town of Ramsar and came into force in 1975.
The convention's goals are to stop the worldwide loss of wetlands and to conserve those that remain. The convention's three pillars include: Working towards the wise use of all wetlands Designating suitable wetlands for the list of Wetlands of International Importance (the “Ramsar List”) and ensuring their effective management Cooperating internationally on transboundary wetlands, shared wetland systems, and shared species Almost 90% of UN member states, from all the world's geographic regions, have acceded to become “Contracting Parties” to the convention. The convention was co-founded by Eskandar Firouz (former environment minister of Iran), Luc Hoffmann of Tour du Valat research station in the Camargue in France, and Geoffrey Matthews of the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust at Slimbridge in the late 1960s.
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14. COP21 is related to (Jadavpur University B.A 2022)
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15. Whose name is associated with ‘Pashmina March'? (Current Affairs)
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16. Which environmental Convention was adopted for the protection of Ozone layer:- (DU MA 2019)
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17. The Kyoto protocol (treaty) was signed in the year (KARNATAKA SET 2017 PAPER II)
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18. The cyclone Hudhud hit the coast of which State? (KARNATAKA SET 2017 PAPER II)cli
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19. The Rio Summit on environment was held from (KARNATAKA SET 2020 PAPER II)
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20. Which of the following is wrong in case of India's commitment in Climate Change? (Current Affairs 07.05.2024)
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21. Assertion (A): Climate change badly affecting economic growth of the country. (KERALA SET JULY 2023)
Reason(R): Climate change and extreme weather have deep impact on the voting behavior.
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22. The Paris agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is to limit global warming well below (JMI M.A. 2021-2022)
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23. In which city was the Earth Summit (1992) held? (PUMDET 2024)
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24. Paris Conference (2015) was on (University of Hyderabad MA 2016)
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25. Which of the following statements is not correct about Paris agreement on Climate Change 2015? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2019 PAPER II)
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26. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international treaty drawn at: (KERALA SET 2017 FEBRUARY)
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27. The UN Conference on Climate Change has agreed to extend the term of Kyoto Protocol till: (KERALA SET 2019 JULY)
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28. Stockholm Conference on Human Environment was held in the year _________. (KERALA SET 2019 JULY)
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29. Green Belt Movement originated in _______. (KERALA SET 2019 JULY)
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30. In 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference was held at: (KERALA SET JULY 2023)
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31. The 'Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change' was established by: (GUJARAT SET 2019 DEC)
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32. Agenda 21 refers to (JMI M.A. 2023)
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33. Which of the following is not true about the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 26) held in Glasgow? (JMI M.A. 2023)
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34. Agenda 21 refers to (JMI M.A. 2016)
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35. Choose the correct statements- (NET August 2024 Shift II)
A. UN declared 1975 as International Women's Year.
B. B. N. Rau Committee prepared the first draft of the Hindu Code Bill.
C. Kabir was a social reformer in ancient India.
D. Sunderlal Bahuguna became popular in the Chipko-agitation.
E. Subhash Chandra Bose formed Independent Labour Party in 1936.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
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36. The 2015 United Nations Climate Changs Conference(COP 21) held in Paris set a goal of limiting global warming to (JMI M.A. 2016)
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37. Match the following.. Match List I with List II (DU MA 2020)
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38. 'Tragedy of the Commons' is a model that explains (WB SET 2017 Paper III)
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39. The UN Conference held in Copenhagen, known as COP 15 dealt with the issue of (WB SET 2017 Paper II)
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40. Green Peace Movement has played a significant role in the field of: (NET December 2004)
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41. The ‘tragedy of commons’ explained by Garett Hardison is related to (NET December 2009 Paper II)
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42. Arrange the following Earth Summits held so far in chronological order: (NET December 2011 Paper II)
(i) Rio-de-Jeneiro Summit
(ii) Kyoto Summit
(iii) Bali Summit
(iv) Copenhagen Summit
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43. Arrange the following Earth Summits held so far in chronological order from the code given below: (NET June 2011 Paper II)
(i) Rio-de-Jeneiro
(ii) Kyoto
(iii) Copenhagen
(iv) Bali
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44. The Kyoto Protocol of 1997 adopted the programme for (NET December 2012 Paper II)
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45. When was the Kyoto Protocol signed? (CUET UG 2024)
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46. The Kyoto Protocol of 1997 adopted the programme for (WEST BENGAL SET JANUARY 2023)
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Dr. S. H. Sarkar
