Maharashtra SET Unit 7: Political Institutions in India Part II

Created by

Dr. S. H. Sarkar

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1. Which of the following is not a Directive Principle of State Policy? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) Equitable redistribution of resources

(B) Uniform Civil Code

(C) Panchayati Raj System

(D) Affirmative Action

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2. Who presented the objectives resolution in the Constituent Assembly of India ? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) Mahatma Gandhi

(B) Sardar Patel

(C) B. R. Ambedkar

(D) Jawaharlal Nehru

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3. Eighth schedule of the constitution includes the list of: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) Official religions

(B) Castes

(C) Ethnicities

(D) Official languages

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4. Which of the following is not the feature of Rule of Law ? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) Supremacy of law

(B) Independent judiciary

(C) Restrictions on the exercise of discretionary power

(D) Dictatorial leadership

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5. The following formula in the constitution discusses language issues: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) Nehru – Patel formula

(B) Munshi – Iyengar formula

(C) Gandhi – Irwin formula

(D) Ambedkar – Gandhi formula

The Munshi-Iyengar formula was a significant compromise proposed during the discussions in India's Constituent Assembly in 1949 on the issue of language. The formula was named after K. M. Munshi and N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar, two prominent members of the Constituent Assembly.

Context:

The Constituent Assembly was tasked with creating a national language policy for India, which became a contentious issue due to India's linguistic diversity. The primary debate centered around whether Hindi should be declared the sole national language or if English and other regional languages should also have a role.

Pro-Hindi Group: Argued that Hindi, as a widely spoken language, should be the sole national and official language of India.
Opposition Group: Comprising representatives from non-Hindi speaking regions, especially from South India, argued for the continued use of English as the link language and the recognition of other regional languages.

The Munshi-Iyengar Formula:

The Munshi-Iyengar formula was a compromise solution between the two opposing views. The key features of the formula were:

Hindi as the Official Language: Hindi would become the official language of the Union of India.
Continued Use of English: English would continue to be used for all official purposes, initially for a period of 15 years from the adoption of the Constitution (i.e., until 1965). After this, Parliament could decide whether to continue the use of English alongside Hindi.
Protections for Regional Languages: The formula also ensured that regional languages would be protected and promoted. States could use their own languages for administrative purposes, in addition to Hindi and English.
Promoting Hindi Gradually: Hindi would be promoted gradually to ensure that it could take over from English as the official language. This gradual process was meant to give non-Hindi speaking states enough time to adjust.

Outcome:

The Munshi-Iyengar formula formed the basis of Article 343 of the Indian Constitution, which laid down the provisions regarding the official language of the Union. It established Hindi in the Devanagari script as the official language, but also allowed for the use of English for official purposes for a transitional period.

The formula, while not completely resolving the language issue, provided a pragmatic solution that avoided an immediate imposition of Hindi on non-Hindi speaking regions, thus preventing further division during the early years of Indian independence.

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6. 73rd and 74th constitutional amendment deals with : (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) Panchayati Raj System and Urban Local Self Government

(B) Judicial Review

(C) Federalism

(D) Secularism

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7. ‘Democratic Deficit’ concerns with: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(a) Declining levels of citizens trust in political institutions

(b) Primacy of form over substance

(c) Shift from representative democracy to participatory democracy

(d) Not holding regular elections

Codes:

(A) (a), (c) and (d)

(B) (c) and (d)

(C) (a), (b) and (c)

(D) (a), (b) and (d)

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8. Traditional mechanism of accountability are: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(a) CAG

(b) Public Accounts Committee

(c) Corruption - Controlling agencies like Central Vigilance Commission

(d) Social Audit

Codes:

(A) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

(B) (a), (b) and (c)

(C) (b), (c) and (d)

(D) (c) and (d)

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9. Number of social accountability initiatives are undertaken in different parts of the world which are as follows: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(a) Participatory Budget Analysis

(b) Participatory Expenditure Tracking

(c) Community Score Cards

(d) Citizen Report Cards

Codes:

(A) (a), (c) and (d)

(B) (b), (c) and (d)

(C) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

(D) (b) and (c)

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10. Twelve members are nominated to the Rajya Sabha by: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) President of India

(B) Prime Minister of India

(C) Chairman of Rajya Sabha

(D) Supreme Court of India

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11. Free and compulsory education for the children up to the age of 14 is now a part of (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) Fundamental Right

(B) Directive Principles of State Policy

(C) Legal Right

(D) Both option (A) and option (B)

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12. Who among the following has the constitutional responsibility of creating new States? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) Supreme Court

(B) Prime Minister

(C) Parliament

(D) State legislature

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13. Who is the Chairman of Niti Ayog? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) President

(B) Prime Minister

(C) Speaker of Lok Sabha

(D) Home Minister

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14. Article 32 of the Constitution deals with (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) Judicial Reforms

(B) Judicial Review

(C) Judicial Activism

(D) Judicial Academy

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15. Provincial Autonomy began with Government of India Act (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) 1909

(B) 1919

(D) 1937

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16. Which of the following is not the function of Parliament? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) To form or end the government

(B) To represent the electorate

(C) To interpret the laws

(D) To legislate

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17. Indira Gandhi declared internal emergency between (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) 1971 – 73

(B) 1975 – 77

(D) 1975 – 78

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18. Which among the following states do not have Vidhan Parishad? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) West Bengal

(B) Maharashtra

(C) Bihar

(D) Tamil Nadu

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19. Minimum age of voting has been brought down from: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) 25 to 21

(B) 21 to 18

(C) 21 to 20

(D) 20 to 16

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20. Article 368 of the constitution deals with: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) Emergency Powers

(B) Amendment Procedure

(C) Fundamental Rights

(D) Panchayati Raj System

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21. Fundamental duties were included in the constitution by the ___________ Amendment. (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) 44th

(B) 52nd

(C) 42nd

(D) 83rd

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22. The Constituent Assembly accepted the constitution on (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) 15th August, 1947

(B) 26th January, 1950

(C) 26th November, 1949

(D) 8th August, 1942

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23. Which of the following factors are not conducive to judicial independence? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(a) Secure tenure of Judges

(b) Separation of powers

(c) Executive intervention

(d) Legislative intervention

Choose your answer from the codes given below:

(A) (a), (b), (c)

(B) (b), (c), (d)

(C) (a), (b)

(D) (c), (d)

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24. Which of the following lists is not included in the Indian Constitution? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Union list

(B) State list

(C) National list

(D) Concurrent list

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25. Which of the following Directive Principles of State Policy was added later to the Constitution? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Organisation of Village Panchayats

(B) Prohibition of Cow Slaughter

(C) Free Legal Aid

(D) Uniform Civil Code

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26. The Rajya Sabha has exclusive jurisdiction in: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Proclaiming emergency

(B) Creation of states

(C) Election of the Vice-President

(D) Authorising the Parliament to legislate on a subject in the State List

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27. The Planning Commission of India published ‘India Human Development Report 2011 : Towards Social Inclusion’. It studies: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(a) Relationship between Asset Ownership and Poverty

(b) Condition and Challenges regarding Nutrition

(c) Status of Child Labour

(d) Status of Irrigation Projects

(A) (a), (c), (d)

(B) (a), (b), (d)

(C) (a), (b), (c)

(D) (b), (c), (d)

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28. Which of the following statements is not true? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Women’s Reservation Bill sought to reserve 33% seats in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha for women

(B) Women’s Reservation Bill sought to reserve 33% seats in Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for women

(C) Women’s Reservation Bill is passed by the Rajya Sabha

(D) Women’s Reservation Bill is never discussed in Lok Sabha

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29. Which of the following statements are true? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(a) 33% seats are reserved for women MPs in Lok Sabha

(b) The number of women MPs in Lok Sabha has increased consistently since 1952/First Lok Sabha

(c) The number of women MPs in Lok Sabha has increased consistently since 1991/Tenth Lok Sabha

(d) There are no reserved seats for women in Lok Sabha

(A) (a) and (b)

(B) (b) and (c)

(C) (c) and (d)

(D) (a) and (d)

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30. Who among the following was India’s President for two consecutive terms? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Gyani Zail Singh

(B) Pratibha Patil

(C) Rajendra Prasad

(D) APJ Abdul Kalam

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31. Who among the following is not the Prime Minister of India? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Charan Singh

(B) Jagjivan Ram

(C) Chandra Shekhar

(D) H. D. Deve Gowda

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32. Which of the following Commissions does not deal with riots in India? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Madan Commission

(B) Shrikrishna Commission

(C) Nanavati Commission

(D) Punchhi Commission

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33. Public interest litigation became popular during the tenure of ____________ (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Justice P. N. Bhagwati

(B) Justice Deepak Mishra

(C) Justice Y. V. Chandrachud

(D) Justice P. B. Sawant

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34. Indian Constitution envisages a ______ state. (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Quasi-Federal

(B) Federal

(C) Union

(D) Non-federal

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35. Article 348 (2) of the Constitution deals with: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Authorised language of the High Court

(B) Language of the Parliament

(C) Medium of Instruction

(D) Language of the Supreme Court

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36. Two members of which community are nominated by the President to Lok Sabha? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Tribal

(B) Minority

(C) Anglo-Indian

(D) Hindu

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37. Which one of the following is not an inter-state dispute? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Dispute over Chandigarh

(B) Cauvery water dispute

(C) Maharashtra–Karnataka border dispute

(D) Gorkhaland

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38. _________ is not a fundamental right. (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) Right to Life

(B) Right Against Exploitation

(C) Right to Property

(D) Right to Equality

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39. Choose the incorrect statement from the following: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) In Indian Constitution Articles 352, 356 and 360 deal with emergency powers

(B) American Constitution does not expressly grant the President powers in times of national emergency

(C) In India emergency was declared in the year 1975 under Article 360

(D) In America President Roosevelt invoked emergency during World War II

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40. Who is called the father of modern local self-government bodies in India? (Maharashtra SET 2024 Paper II)

(A) Lord Ripon

(B) Lord Canning

(C) Lord Lytton.

(D) Lord Hardings

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41. Who appoints the Chairperson of the State Human Rights Commission? (Maharashtra SET 2024 Paper II)

(A) President

(B) Supreme Court Chief Justice

(C) Governor

(D) Prime Minister

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42. In which Article of the Indian Constitution there is provision of Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States? (Maharashtra SET 2024 Paper II)

(A) Article 169

(B) Article 170

(C) Article 171

(D) Article 172

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43. Which Supreme Court Judge propounded the principle of "Public Interest Litigation" in India? (Maharashtra SET 2024 Paper II)

(A) Justice S.M. Sikri

(B) Justice P.N. Bhagavati

(C) Justice Koka Subbarao

(D) Justice Mudholkar

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44. Who appoints Chairman of all Parliamentary Committees of the Lok Sabha? (Maharashtra SET 2024 Paper II)

(A) Prime Minister

(B) President

(C) Vice President

(D) Speaker of the Lok Sabha

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Context:

The Munshi-Iyengar Formula:

Outcome: