The Right Against Exploitation is enshrined in Article 23 and Article 24 of the Indian Constitution and aims to protect individuals from various forms of exploitation.

Key Provisions:

1. Article 23:
   • Prohibits human trafficking and forced labor. It states that "traffic in human beings and beggar and other similar forms of exploitation are prohibited."
   • It also prohibits any form of forced labor, making it illegal for anyone to be compelled to work against their will.
2. Article 24:
   • Prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in hazardous industries and mines, as well as in any other hazardous conditions.
   • This article aims to safeguard children from exploitation and ensure their right to education and a healthy childhood.

Significance:

• The Right Against Exploitation is crucial in upholding the dignity and rights of individuals, especially marginalized groups such as women, children, and laborers.
• It provides a legal framework to combat human trafficking, child labor, and forced labor, contributing to the broader objectives of social justice and equality in India.
• This right empowers citizens to seek legal remedies against exploitative practices and strengthens the overall labor rights framework in the country.

Overall, the Right Against Exploitation is an essential aspect of human rights protection in India, promoting the welfare and dignity of all individuals.

The "Congress System," coined by Indian political scientist Rajni Kothari, describes the dominant position of the Indian National Congress in the early decades after India's independence. Kothari argued that the Congress functioned as an umbrella organization, encompassing diverse interests and ideologies, allowing it to maintain political dominance. Rather than suppressing opposition, the Congress co-opted various social groups and political factions, acting as a mediating force in India's pluralistic society. This system was marked by Congress's ability to adapt and absorb dissent, making it central to Indian politics while allowing space for regional and opposition parties to exist.

Sanskritization: One of Srinivas's most influential concepts, Sanskritization describes the process by which lower-caste groups seek upward social mobility by emulating the rituals, practices, and lifestyles of higher castes, particularly Brahmins. This theory highlighted the fluidity and adaptability within the caste system, challenging the earlier static views.

Publications:

1. The Problem of the Rupee: Its Origin and Its Solution (1923) – A major work on India's monetary policy, which contributed to Ambedkar’s influence on the formation of the Reserve Bank of India.
2. Annihilation of Caste (1936)
3. The Untouchables: Who Were They and Why They Became Untouchables? (1948) – This work explores the origin of untouchability and the historical oppression of Dalits.
4. Buddha and His Dhamma (1957) – A book published posthumously, it outlines Ambedkar’s interpretation of Buddhism, emphasizing rationality, social justice, and equality.
5. Thoughts on Linguistic States (1955) – Ambedkar discusses the reorganization of Indian states based on language for administrative efficiency and cultural unity.
6. States and Minorities: What Are Their Rights and How to Secure Them in the Constitution of Free India (1947) – A proposal submitted to the Constituent Assembly for the protection of minorities in independent India.
7. Pakistan or the Partition of India (1940) – Ambedkar's analysis of the Muslim demand for a separate state, evaluating the implications of partition.

Organizations:

1. Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha (1924) – Established to promote the education, social welfare, and political rights of Dalits and other oppressed groups.
2. Independent Labour Party (ILP) (1936) – A political party aimed at representing the interests of workers, peasants, and the marginalized, focusing on labor rights and social justice.
3. Scheduled Castes Federation (1942) – A political organization aimed at advocating for the rights of Dalits, promoting their political representation, and working for the eradication of caste-based discrimination.
4. All India Scheduled Castes Federation (1942) – A national-level organization dedicated to the rights and welfare of the Scheduled Castes, promoting their political and social interests.
5. People's Education Society (1945) – Ambedkar founded this organization to promote education among marginalized communities, establishing institutions like Siddharth College in Mumbai.
6. Republican Party of India (1956) – Ambedkar intended to establish this party, though it was formally launched after his death, to represent the interests of the marginalized sections of society in politics.