A French economist Vincent de Gourney is said to have coined the term ‘bureaucracy’ in 1745. It is derived from the French word ‘bureau’, and 'Cratia' meaning a desk and rule. In this sense, bureaucracy simply means a desk government, or rule by administrative offices. Today ‘bureaucracy’ and ‘bureaucrats’ are often used as terms of derision, connoting red-tape, in efficiency and unresponsiveness.
Freed from its derogatory sense bureaucracy actually refers to any large-scale organisation of appointed officials whose primary function is to implement the policies of the decision-makers. Bureaucracy is a type of organisation designed to accomplish large-scale administrative tasks by systematically coordinating the work of many individuals. In organised structure that puts laws and policies into effect effectively and efficiently.