Gujarat SET 2018 - Political Science Coaching Centre

Created by

Dr. S. H. Sarkar

GUJARAT SET YEAR WISE

Gujarat SET 2018

1 / 100

1. Of whom of the following is Karl Popper a critic and Ronald B. Levinson a supporter of? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Plato

(B) Aristotle

(C) Niccolo Machiavelli

(D) Thomas Hobbes

2 / 100

2. Given below are two statements, one labeled as Assertion (A) and the other labeled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

Assertion (A): Great political theories originated, as Sabine put it, in the interstices of political and social crises.

Reason (R): There is no disinterested political theory.

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

3 / 100

3. Who among the following are participants in Plato's Republic? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Polemarchus

(b) Protagoras

(c) Adeimantus

(d) Glaucon

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(A) (a) only

(B) (a), (b) and (d) only

(C) (a), (b) and (c) only

(D) (a), (c) and (d) only

4 / 100

4. Who among the following is associated with logical positivism? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Ludwig Wittgenstein

(B) David Hume

(C) Emile Durkheim

(D) Auguste Comte

Logical Positivism, also known as logical empiricism, was a philosophical movement that emerged in the early 20th century. It sought to base philosophy on logical analysis and empirically verifiable statements. The proponents of this view believed that meaningful statements were either logically provable (as in mathematics and logic) or empirically verifiable through observation and experimentation. Anything that could not meet these criteria was considered meaningless. The movement was closely associated with the Vienna Circle, a group of philosophers and scientists based in Vienna in the 1920s and 1930s.

Key Proponents of Logical Positivism:

1. Moritz Schlick:

Contribution: Schlick was the founder and leader of the Vienna Circle, where logical positivism was developed. He emphasized the importance of empirical verification and the logical analysis of scientific knowledge. Schlick argued that metaphysical statements (those not empirically verifiable) were meaningless.
Key Idea: For Schlick, the role of philosophy was to clarify the meaning of scientific statements through logical analysis, rather than to speculate on metaphysical or theological questions.

2. Rudolf Carnap:

Contribution: Carnap was one of the most influential figures in the Vienna Circle. His work focused on the logical analysis of language and the rejection of metaphysics. In his book The Logical Structure of the World (1928), Carnap attempted to show how all scientific statements could be reduced to a formal, logical language. He developed the idea of verificationism, which holds that the meaning of a statement is its method of verification.
Key Idea: Carnap believed that philosophy should be concerned with the logical analysis of scientific language and that any statement that could not be empirically verified or logically analyzed was meaningless.

3. A.J. Ayer:

Contribution: A British philosopher, Ayer popularized logical positivism in the English-speaking world with his influential book Language, Truth, and Logic (1936). He argued that philosophical problems often arose from misunderstandings of language and that meaningful statements had to be either empirically verifiable or tautological (logically true by definition).
Key Idea: Ayer’s form of verificationism rejected metaphysical and religious statements as literally nonsensical, as they could not be verified by experience or logical proof.

4. Otto Neurath:

Contribution: Neurath was a key member of the Vienna Circle and worked on the idea of protocol statements (basic observational statements). He believed that science should be viewed as a collective enterprise, constantly revised through empirical testing. Neurath rejected the idea of a "neutral" observation language, arguing that scientific theories are interconnected in a "web of beliefs."
Key Idea: Neurath contributed to the idea of the unity of science, advocating that all sciences should share a common language of empiricism and logical analysis, and he emphasized the social and collaborative nature of scientific inquiry.

5. Hans Reichenbach:

Contribution: Reichenbach, a German philosopher, was one of the founders of the Berlin Circle, which was closely related to the Vienna Circle. He worked on probability theory and the philosophy of science. Reichenbach argued that the goal of science was not to provide absolute truths but to develop reliable predictions. He contributed to the logical positivist emphasis on empirical verification and scientific methodology.
Key Idea: Reichenbach focused on the concept of probabilistic verification in science, claiming that while certainty in empirical verification might be impossible, the goal of science is to increase the reliability of predictions.

6. Herbert Feigl:

Contribution: Feigl was an Austrian-American philosopher and a member of the Vienna Circle. He was a strong advocate for logical positivism and contributed to the philosophy of science, especially regarding the relationship between scientific theories and empirical data. Feigl emphasized the importance of the empirical foundation of science and contributed to discussions on the nature of scientific explanation.
Key Idea: Feigl supported the view that meaningful statements in science must be empirically verifiable, and he worked on clarifying the relationship between theory and observation in scientific practice.

7. Ludwig Wittgenstein (Early):

Contribution: Wittgenstein’s early work, especially his book Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921), had a significant influence on the development of logical positivism. In this work, he argued that the limits of language are the limits of the world and that philosophy's role is to clarify the logical structure of language. Though Wittgenstein himself later distanced from logical positivism, his early ideas were foundational for the movement.
Key Idea: Wittgenstein argued that meaningful statements are those that can be logically or empirically verified, while metaphysical statements are meaningless because they lie outside the realm of verifiable language.

Key Principles of Logical Positivism:

Verification Principle: A statement is meaningful if and only if it is either empirically verifiable (through observation) or a tautology (logically true by definition).
Rejection of Metaphysics: Statements about metaphysical or supernatural entities (such as God or the soul) are considered meaningless because they cannot be empirically verified.
Emphasis on Scientific Knowledge: Logical positivists believed that the only legitimate knowledge comes from science, particularly through empirical observation and logical reasoning.
The Unity of Science: All sciences share a common foundation based on empirical observation and logical analysis, and there is no fundamental difference between the methods used in natural and social sciences.
Logical Analysis of Language: Philosophy’s task is to analyze the logical structure of scientific language, clarifying the meaning of statements to avoid confusion.

Criticism and Decline:

Although logical positivism had a significant influence on the philosophy of science, it eventually faced criticism for the strictness of its verification criterion and its inability to account for theoretical statements in science that are not directly verifiable. Philosophers like Karl Popper criticized it for ignoring the role of falsifiability in scientific theories. By the mid-20th century, logical positivism had largely declined, but its influence persists in contemporary analytic philosophy and the philosophy of science.

5 / 100

5. Consider the following statements: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Niccolo Machiavelli permitted the prince to act in violation of moral principles in the interest of the state.

(b) Niccolo Machiavelli proposed two different standards of morality -one for the ruler and the other for the citizens.

(c) Niccolo Machiavelli did not advocate the separation of politics and morality.

(d) Niccolo Machiavelli suggests that the prince should appear to be the embodiment of qualities which are held in esteem.

Of the above statements:

(A) (a), (b) and (c) are correct

(B) (a), (b) and (d) are correct

(C) (a) and (b) are correct

(D) All are correct

6 / 100

6. Who wrote A Letter Concerning Toleration? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Thomas Hobbes

(B) Robert Filmer

(C) Immanuel Kant

(D) John Locke

7 / 100

7. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

8 / 100

8. Which among the following is correct about Rousseau's concept of General Will? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) A person's Real will

(B) A will above the individual will

(C) A common me

(D) All of the above

9 / 100

9. Who said: "a number of persons in the habit of paying obedience to a person, or an assemblage of persons, of a known and certain description are said to be in a state of political society"? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) J. J. Rousseau

(B) James Mill

(C) Jeremy Bentham

(D) J. S. Mill

10 / 100

10. J.S. Mill justifies an imposition of limitations on an individual's liberty in order to.: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Promote individual good

(B) Strengthen the power of the government

(C) Prevent harm to others

(D) Suppress dissent against public opinion

11 / 100

11. Who said the following "Revolutions are the festivals of the oppressed and the exploited"? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Karl Marx

(B) B. R. Ambedkar

(C) Rajni Kothari

(D) V. I. Lenin

12 / 100

12. Which among the following is commented on by Mao? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.

(b) We have an army for fighting as well as an army for labour.

(c) A revolution is the will of God.

(d) A revolution is not a dinner party.

Select the correct answer:

(A) (a) and (b) only

(B) (a), (b) and (d) only

(C) (a), (b) and (c) only

(D) (a) and (c) only

13 / 100

13. Who among the following criticized the liberal individual as "an unencumbered self"? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Charles Taylor

(B) Michael Walzer

(C) Michael Sandel

(D) Alisdair MacIntyre

14 / 100

14. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

15 / 100

15. Who is the author of Savitri? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Savitribai Phule

(B) Tarabai Shinde

(C) M.K. Gandhi

(D) Aurobindo

16 / 100

16. "Nai Talim" was advocated by: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) B. R. Ambedkar

(B) Madan Mohan Malaviya

(C) M. K. Gandhi

(D) Hansa Mehta

17 / 100

17. Who founded the Mexican Socialist Workers Party which was later named as Mexican Communist Party? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Jayprakash Narayan

(B) M. N. Roy

(C) Che Guevera

(D) Fidel Castro

18 / 100

18. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

19 / 100

19. Which of the following are central conceptual principles and/or devices employed by John Rawls in his theory of justice as fairness? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Difference Principle

(b) Veil of Ignorance

(c) The person as an "encumbered self

(d) Original Position

Select the correct answer:

(A) (a), (b) and (d) only

(B) (a) and (b) only

(C) (d) only

(D) (a) and (d) only

What is Difference Principle of John Rawls?

The Difference Principle is a central component of John Rawls' theory of justice, outlined in his influential work "A Theory of Justice." The Difference Principle states that social and economic inequalities are acceptable only if they benefit the least advantaged members of society.

In other words, Rawls argues that inequalities in wealth, income, and social status are permissible only if they result in improving the situation of the least well-off individuals in society. This principle emphasizes the importance of prioritizing the welfare of the least advantaged and aims to ensure that inequalities are justified by their potential to raise the overall standard of living for everyone, especially those who are the most disadvantaged.

Rawls suggests that a just society would organize its institutions in a way that maximizes the welfare of the least advantaged, while still allowing for some level of inequality as long as it works to their advantage. This principle is part of Rawls' broader conception of justice as fairness, which seeks to create a society where everyone has equal basic rights and opportunities, and where inequalities are arranged to benefit those who are the least well-off.

_______________

What is Vail of Ignorance?

The "Veil of Ignorance" is a concept introduced by the philosopher John Rawls in his work "A Theory of Justice." The idea of the veil of ignorance is a hypothetical situation in which individuals making decisions about the structure of society do not know their own position within that society.

Under the veil of ignorance, people are unaware of their social status, wealth, talents, gender, race, or any other characteristics that could give them an advantage or disadvantage in society. The purpose of this hypothetical scenario is to ensure fairness in the design of societal institutions.

Rawls argues that if people were to make decisions about the principles of justice from behind the veil of ignorance, they would choose principles that are fair and impartial, since they would not know how those principles would affect them personally. This helps to eliminate biases and self-interest from decision-making, leading to principles that prioritize the well-being of everyone, especially the least advantaged members of society.

The veil of ignorance serves as a thought experiment to guide the development of principles of justice that are fair and impartial, and it is a key component of Rawls' broader theory of justice as fairness.

__________________

Original Position

In John Rawls' Theory of Justice, the "original position" refers to a hypothetical scenario where individuals come together to establish the principles of justice for their society. They do this behind a "veil of ignorance," unaware of their own characteristics such as wealth, social status, or talents. This ensures impartiality in designing principles that are fair for everyone. The original position serves as a basis for determining principles of justice that prioritize fairness and equality.

20 / 100

20. Which of the following works is authored by Ronald Dworkin? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Justice Interruptus

(B) Liberalism and the Limits of Justice

(C) Taking Rights Seriously

(D) Spheres of Justice

21 / 100

21. "Someday we may take another angle of approach than the formal, as other sciences do, and begin to look at political behaviour as one of the essential objects of enquiry." Who said this? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Arthur Bentley

(B) Graham Wallas

(C) Charles Merriam

(D) Walter Lippman

22 / 100

22. What is the correct chronological sequence of Edward Shil's categories of political system? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Political democracy

(b) Tutelary democracy

(c) Modernizing oligarchy

(d) Totalitarian oligarchy

(e) Traditional oligarchy

Select the correct answer from the codes given below

(A) (a), (b), (c), (d), (e)

(B) (a), (b), (e), (c), (d)

(C) (b), (a), (c), (d), (e)

(D) (a), (b), (d), (e), (c)

23 / 100

23. Who advocated the elitist model of democracy? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Joseph Schumpeter

(B) John Rawls

(C) Isaiah Berlin

(D) C. B. Macpherson

24 / 100

24. Nation building is essentially a structural problem as it involves the differentiation of new rules, structures and sub-systems is the view of: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Almond and Coleman

(B) Lasswell and Catlin

(C) Finer and Fredrich

(D) Ogg and Zink

25 / 100

25. Who proposed a pan-African unity on the basis of the US Constitution in the book Africa Must Unite (1963)? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Kwame Nkrumah

(B) Nelson Mandela

(C) Frantz Fanon

(D) Julius Nyere

26 / 100

26. The combination of the function of the head of the state and the head of the government in the USA is a medieval practice. This is stated by (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) S. P. Huntington

(B) Gabriel Almond

(C) David Apte

(D) Robert Dahl

27 / 100

27. Montesquieu used the term separation of powers and not division of power because of: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Efficiency in the administration(B) Instilling accountability in governmental organs

(B) Instilling accountability in governmental organs

(C) Proclaiming judicial supremacy

(D) For safeguarding liberty

28 / 100

28. Which one of the following is not a Marxist concept of analysis? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Class

(B) Mode of production

(C) Capitalism

(D) Functionalism

29 / 100

29. Who among the following has defined legitimacy as "conviction on the part of the member that it is right and proper to accept and obey the authorities"?(GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) David Easton

(B) Seymour Lipset

(C) Gabriel Almond

(D) Karl Deutsch

30 / 100

30. Who used the phrase "Spirit of Capitalism" in describing the development of capitalism? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Karl Marx

(B) Emile Durkheim

(C) Auguste Comte

(D) Max Weber

31 / 100

31. Who are the leading proponents of the contrasting views of advanced capitalism as instrumentalist and structuralist? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Sweezy and Mandel

(B) Mills and Magdoff

(C) Miliband and Poulantzas

(D) Cabral and Fanon

32 / 100

32. Who of the following challenged the doctrine of homogeneity as a basis of stability in a democratic order? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Aristotle

(B) A. D. Tocqueville

(C) J. S. Mill

(D) A. Lijphart

33 / 100

33. Select the correct option from the following: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

In the U.S. system:

(A) President is elected by the Congress

(B) President is the leader of the Congress

(C) President is answerable to Congress

(D) President is not a part of the Congress

34 / 100

34. Who among the following challenged the idea of political development as a unilinear process? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Edward Shils

(B) S. P. Huntington

(C) Gabriel Almond

(D) Sydney Verba

35 / 100

35. Identify the correct sequence of the following input functions advocated by Almond: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Interest aggregation

(b) Interest articulation

(c) Critical socialization and recruitment

(d) Political communication

(A) (b), (c), (a), (d)

(B) (c), (b), (a), (d)

(C) (c), (a), (b), (d)

(D) (a), (b), (c), (d)

36 / 100

36. Below are two statements, one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

Assertion (A): The countries of the world display a much greater diversity of authoritarianism than they do of democracy.

Reason (R): Authoritarian regimes lack any universal rule or norms other than the preservation of power.

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not 'the correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

37 / 100

37. Criticism of political parties is not against political parties as such but against the weak and imperfect ones. Who made this argument? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Maurice Duverger

(B) Giovanni Sartori

(C) S. P. Huntington

(D) Robert Michels

38 / 100

38. Who of the following wrote extensively on such topics as bureaucracy, forms of authority and the impact of culture on economic and political development? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Karl Marx

(B) Max Weber

(C) Talcott Parsons

(D) David Easton

39 / 100

39. The phrase "Developmental State" was used by Chalmers Johnson referring to the governmental system which was pioneered by: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Great Britain

(B) U.S.A.

(C) Former Soviet Union (Now Russia)

(D) Japan

40 / 100

40. Modernisation theory held that as societies developed they would become: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Post-materialist

(B) Socialist

(C) Authoritarian

(D) Capitalist Democracies

41 / 100

41. During which Congress Session were social and economic rights promised to the Indian people? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Lahore Session

(B) Lucknow Session

(C) Surat Session

(D) Karachi Session

42 / 100

42. Who among the following was the first Satyagrahi of the individual civil disobedience movement started by Gandhi in October 1940? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) J. B. Kripalani

(B) Vallabhbhai Patel

(C) Sarojini Naidu

(D) Vinoba Bhave

43 / 100

43. Which of the following Committees was appointed by the Government of India to identify the creamy layer among the Backward Classes in India? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Justice A. N. Mishra Committee

(B) Justice R. N. Mudholkar Committee

(C) Justice Ram Nandan Committee

(D) Justice Rajendra Sachar Committee

44 / 100

44. Who characterised Indian federalism 28 "bargaining federalism"? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Balveer Arora

(B) W. H. Morris-Jones

(C) Granville Austin

(D) K. C. Wheare

45 / 100

45. Which of the following is not the objective of the Directive Principles of State Policy? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

Select the correct answer from the below:

(a) To establish a welfare state.

(b) To ensure economic and social justice.

(c) To establish a religious state.

(d) To establish a secular state

(A) (a), (b) and (d)

(B) (c) and (d)

(C) Only (a)

(D) Only (c)

46 / 100

46. When the President of India proclaims an ordinance it remains in force for: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) One month

(B) Two months

(C) Three months

(D) Six weeks

47 / 100

47. Which of the following is not a peasant movement? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Shetkari Sanghatana

(B) Bhartiya Kisan Union

(C) Raytu Sangh

(D) Chipko Movement

The Raytu Sangh, established in 1956, is a prominent farmers' organization in Andhra Pradesh, India. Founded by P. Subbarao, the union focuses on addressing the issues faced by farmers, including low crop prices, agricultural subsidies, and land rights.

Key aspects of the Raytu Sangh include:

Focus: The organization advocates for fair prices for crops, better agricultural policies, and support for farmers’ economic conditions. It also works on issues related to irrigation, land tenure, and rural development.
Activities: The Raytu Sangh is known for organizing protests, negotiations with government bodies, and mobilizing farmers to demand better policies and support.

P. Subbarao is the primary leader associated with the Raytu Sangh, recognized for his role in shaping the organization's direction and addressing the needs of farmers in Andhra Pradesh. The Raytu Sangh remains an influential voice in the state’s agricultural sector.

________________

The Chipko Movement (1973) was a pioneering environmental movement in Uttarakhand, India, known for its nonviolent resistance against deforestation. The movement's name, meaning "to hug" in Hindi, reflects the activists' strategy of hugging trees to prevent them from being cut down.

The Chipko Movement began in the village of Reni in the Chamoli district when local villagers, led by Gaura Devi, Chandi Prasad Bhatt, and Sunderlal Bahuguna, protested against the logging of trees by a contractor. The movement aimed to protect the forests, which were crucial for the local ecosystem and the livelihood of the villagers.

The activists' peaceful protests attracted national and international attention, leading to a government ban on commercial logging in the region. The Chipko Movement is celebrated for its role in raising awareness about environmental conservation and the rights of indigenous communities, and it inspired similar movements globally.

______________

The Shetkari Sanghatana, founded in 1979, is a prominent farmers' organization based in Maharashtra, India. The name translates to "Farmers' Union" in Marathi. The organization was established by Sharad Joshi, an influential leader and advocate for farmers' rights.

Key Aspects:

Focus: The Shetkari Sanghatana primarily addresses issues related to agricultural policies, farmer welfare, and economic conditions. It campaigns for better prices for crops, fair trade practices, and policies to support small and marginal farmers.
Activities: The organization is known for its advocacy work, organizing protests, and negotiating with the government to improve conditions for farmers. It also works on issues such as irrigation, land rights, and rural development.
Impact: The Shetkari Sanghatana played a significant role in shaping agricultural policies in Maharashtra and has been involved in several successful campaigns for higher crop prices and better support for farmers.

The Shetkari Sanghatana continues to be a key player in advocating for farmers' issues in Maharashtra and has influenced broader agricultural policy discussions in India.

______________

The Bharatiya Kisan Union (BKU), established in 1980, is a major farmers' organization in India, primarily active in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Punjab. Founded by Mahendra Singh Tikait, the union advocates for the rights and welfare of farmers, focusing on issues like crop prices, land rights, and loan waivers.

Key leaders of the BKU include:

Mahendra Singh Tikait: The founder, known for his role in mobilizing farmers and leading significant protests.
Rakesh Tikait: Mahendra Singh Tikait's son, who has continued his father's legacy, notably during the 2020-2021 farmers' protests against the controversial farm laws.
Chaudhary Charan Singh: Former Prime Minister of India, who supported the farmers' movement and had connections with BKU.

The BKU has played a crucial role in highlighting farmers' issues and advocating for agricultural reforms through mass mobilization and protests.

48 / 100

48. Who characterised India as "a million mutinies" in 1990? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) V. S. Naipaul

(B) Ted R. Gurr

(C) Upendra Baxi

(D) Salman Rushdie

49 / 100

49. Which one of the following Acts created the Federal Court in India? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Government of India Act, 1909

(B) Government of India Act, 1919

(C) Government of India Act, 1935

(D). None of the above

50 / 100

50. President of India can be impeached for: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Violating the Constitution

(B) Disregarding the Parliament

(C) Not taking the advice of the PM

(D) None of the above

51 / 100

51. Who has enunciated the concept of "demand polity and command polity"? (GUJARAT SET 2018)0

(A) Myron Weiner

(B) Rajni Kothari

(C) Rudolph and Rudolph

(D) Ashutosh Varshney

52 / 100

52. The Second Five Year Plan focussed on which of the following? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Strengtheningthe industrial base of the Indian economy.

(b) Expansion of the public sector.

(c) Import substitution.

(d) Equal emphasis on agriculture and industry.

Codes:

(A) (a), (b), (c)

(B) (a), (c), (d)

(C) (b), (c), (d)

(D) Only (d)

53 / 100

53. According to the 44th Amendment to the Indian Constitution: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) The Right to Property was deleted.

(b) Articles 20 and 21 could not be suspended during national emergency.

(c) Prime Minister can invoke national emergency.

(d) The words secular and socialist were added to the Preamble.

Codes:

(A) (b) and (c)

(B) (a) and (b)

(C) (a) and (d)

(D) (c) and (d)

54 / 100

54. Which of the following Articles of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of speech and expression to Indian citizens? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) 19(1)a

(B) 19(1)b

(C) 20(1)a

(D) 21b

55 / 100

55. Into which court can one file a PIL? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) District Court and Sessions Court

(B) Only High Courts

(C) Only Supreme Court

(D) High Courts and Supreme Court

56 / 100

56. The 9th Schedule of the Indian Constitution consists of: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) The Union, State and Concurrent lists

(B) Labour Laws

(C) Land reforms related laws

(D) Election related laws

57 / 100

57. The functions of the Election Commission include: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Holding and conducting free and fair elections

(b) Laying down the code of conduct

(c) Preparin electoral rolls

(d) Delimiting the electoral constituencies

Codes:

(A) (b), (c) and (d)

(B) (a), (b) and (c)

(C) (a) and (d)

(D) Only (d)

58 / 100

58. Which party was the first largest opposition party in the first Lok Sabha? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Communist Party of India

(B) Bharatiya Jan Sangh

(C) Praja Party

(D) Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha

59 / 100

59. Match List I and List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

60 / 100

60. Which district of India first adopted Panchayati Raj? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Ahmedabad

(B) Kottayam

(C) Nagaur

(D) Wardha

61 / 100

61. Under the code developed by workers at the Western Electric Company, one who passes unfavourable information about his colleagues to his superior is called: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) A Squealer

(B) A Puzzler

(C) A Rate Buster

(D) A Chiseller

62 / 100

62. What was J. D. Mooney referring to when he said "conferring of specified authority by a higher authority"? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Command

(B) Hierarchy

(C) Delegation

(D) Span of Control

63 / 100

63. Which among the following was advocated by F.W. Taylor? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Human Relations Theory

(B) Scientific Management Theory

(C) Systems Theory

(D) Bureaucracy Theory

64 / 100

64. Which among the following is not a principle of organization? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Collective Responsibility

(B) Hierarchy

(C) Span of Control

(D) Unity of Command

65 / 100

65. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

66 / 100

66. Which of the following concepts of administration is action oriented rather than structure oriented? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Democratic Administration

(B) Autocratic Administration

(C) Development Administration

(D) Administration based on Charisma

67 / 100

67. The Five year Plan was started in India after independence in the year: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) 1947

(B) 1948

(D) 1951

68 / 100

68. Given below are two statements, one labeled as Assertion (A) and the other labeled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

Assertion (A): The District Collector is the most important functionary at the apex of the district administration.

Reason (R): Warren Hastings introduced the office of the District Collector in 1772.

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

69 / 100

69. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

70 / 100

70. A budget which focuses on input of resources and output of services is called: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Performance Budget

(B) Zero Budget

(C) Deficit Budget

(D) Gender Budget

71 / 100

71. Consider the following statements about civil services in a developing society: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) It should act as an instrument of change.

(b) It should have concern for social equity.

(c) It should have common concern for vested interest.

(d) It should be politically neutral.

Select the correct statements from the codes given below:

(A) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

(B) (a), (c) and (d)

(C) (a), (b) and (d)

(D) (a), (b) and (c)

72 / 100

72. In his work Principles of Public Administration which one of the following did Willoughby not include as a principle of administration? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) General and administration overhead

(B) Coordination

(C) Finance

(D) Personnel Administration

73 / 100

73. How many principles of management were propagated by Henri Fayol? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) 14

(B) 12

(C) 15

(D) 11

74 / 100

74. The Committee on Assurances of the Parliament of India is an instrument of: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Executive Control

(B) Judicial Control

(C) Civil-Society Control

(D) Legislative Control

75 / 100

75. According to Herbert Simon, if a decision is directed towards individual's goals, it is based on: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Organisational Rationale

(B) Personally Rationale

(C) Objectively Rationale

(D) Institutionally Rationale

76 / 100

76. The Lokpal and Lokayukta Bill 1968 passed by the Lok Sabha lapsed because: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Rajya Sabha rejected the Bill

(B) President withheld the Bill

(C) Joint committee of the two Houses rejected the Bill

(D) Due to early dissolution of Fourth Lok Sabha

77 / 100

77. Central Vigilance Commission was set up on the recommendations of: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) First Administrative Reforms Commission

(B) Gorwala Committee Report

(C) Kripalani Committee Report

(D) Santhanam Committee Report

78 / 100

78. Who authored the work Trends in Comparative Study of Public Administration? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Woodrow Wilson

(B) Fred Riggs

(C) F. J. Goodnow

(D) L. D. White

79 / 100

79. Which of the following equated the Planning Commission with a “Super Cabinet"? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Sarkaria Commission

(B) Gadgil Committee

(C) First Administrative Reforms Commission

(D) Santhanam Committee

80 / 100

80. Who is vested with powers to make regulations on condition of service of members and staff of the Union Public Service Commission? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) President of India

(B) Parliament

(C) Union Minister of Law

(D) Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

81 / 100

81. Realism emerged as a response to: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Harmony of Interest

(B) Global Justice

(C) Domestic Politics

(D) Globalization

82 / 100

82. Theory of International Politics (1979) is authored by: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Hans Morgenthau

(B) Raymond Aron

(C) Stanley Hoffman

(D) Kenneth Waltz

83 / 100

83. V. I. Lenin's contribution to the theory of imperialism was both a reading and rejection of: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Karl Marx

(B) Rosa Luxemburg

(C) J. A. Hobson

(D) Rudolf Hilferding

84 / 100

84. Power and Interest cannot be quantified due to complexities of International politics. This argument is offered by: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Hans Morgenthau

(B) Robert Gilpin

(C) Stanley Hoffman

(D) Raymond Aron

85 / 100

85. Power is both relational and relative. This standpoint is representative of: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Idealism

(B) Realism

(C) Communication Theory

(D) Decision Making Theory

86 / 100

86. Security Communities include 'amalgamated' and 'pluralist' categories. This notion belongs to: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Karl Deutsch

(B) Ernst Haas

(C) Joseph Nye

(D) David Mitrany

87 / 100

87. Arrange the following treaties in an ascending order in terms of their date of signing: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) Threshold Test Ban Treaty

(b) Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

(c) Partial Test Ban Treaty

(d) Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty

Select the correct answer:

(A) (a), (c), (d), (b)

(B) (a), (b), (c), (d)

(C) (b), (c), (d), (a)

(D) (c), (a), (d), (b)

88 / 100

88. In which city is the Headquarters of SAARC located? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) New Delhi

(B) Kathmandu

(C) Islamabad

(D) Colombo

89 / 100

89. The Pyongyang Conference held in 1987 is known for: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Security Cooperation

(B) South-South Cooperation

(C) Regional Cooperation

(D) Nuclear Non-Proliferation

90 / 100

90. Neo-Colonialism: The Last Stage of Imperialism is authored by: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) V. I. Lenin

(B) Antonio Gramsci

(C) Frantz Fanon

(D) Kwame Nkrumah

91 / 100

91. Who of the following is not an advocate of the school of realism in international relation? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Hans Morgenthau

(B) George Kennan

(C) Henry Kissinger

(D) Woodrow Wilson

92 / 100

92. Who among the following advocated the cosmopolitan-communitarian perspective for studying international relations? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Chris Brown

(B) Kenneth Waltz

(C) Immanuel Wallerstein

(D) Stephen Keohane

93 / 100

93. Non-State dimension of warfare is also called: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Westphalian Warfare

(B) Post-Westphalian Warfare

(C) New-War

(D) Pre-Westphalian Warfare

94 / 100

94. Who of the following has contributed to the development of peace studies? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Johan Galtung

(B) A.G. Gunder Frank

(C) I. M. Young

(D) Kenneth Waltz

95 / 100

95. The concept of 'Peaceful coexistence' developed during the Cold War is associated with: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Winston Churchill

(B) Joseph Stalin

(C) Nikita Khrushchev

(D) Boris Yeltsin

96 / 100

96. 'Soft Power' in international relations is derived from: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Nuclear Capability

(B) Cultural and value-based interactions

(C) Technological capability

(D) None of the above

97 / 100

97. Expand SORT: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty

(B) State Organization Replan Treaty

(C) Strategic Order Reorganisation Treaty

(D) Security Organisation Replan Treaty

98 / 100

98. Which of the following statements is/are correct? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(a) India has signed the NPT

(b) South Africa has not signed the NPT

(c) India and Pakistan have not signed the NPT

(d) NPT has been signed by Iran and North Korea

(A) All are correct

(B) All are false

(C) Only (c) is correct

(D) (a) and (b) are correct

99 / 100

99. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

100 / 100

100. Who among the following highlights the absence of women in security literature? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Charles Tilly

(B) Ann Tickner

(C) I. M. Young

(D) Rosa Luxemburg

Your score is

The average score is 36%

0%

GUJARAT SET Gujarat SET 2018

GUJARAT SET

Key Proponents of Logical Positivism:

1. Moritz Schlick:

2. Rudolf Carnap:

3. A.J. Ayer:

4. Otto Neurath:

5. Hans Reichenbach:

6. Herbert Feigl:

7. Ludwig Wittgenstein (Early):

Key Principles of Logical Positivism:

Criticism and Decline:

Unhappy Consciousness

Explanation

Finish Course Early?

GUJARAT SET Gujarat SET 2018

GUJARAT SET

Report a question

Key Proponents of Logical Positivism:

1. Moritz Schlick:

2. Rudolf Carnap:

3. A.J. Ayer:

4. Otto Neurath:

5. Hans Reichenbach:

6. Herbert Feigl:

7. Ludwig Wittgenstein (Early):

Key Principles of Logical Positivism:

Criticism and Decline:

Unhappy Consciousness

Explanation

Finish Course Early?