John Locke - Political Science Coaching Centre

Created by

Dr. S. H. Sarkar

John Locke

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লকের মতে, প্রকৃতির রাজ্যে একজন মানুষ রাষ্ট্রের কাছে তার নিরঙ্কুশ স্বাধীনতা ত্যাগ করবে কারণ- (7^TH SLST 2023)

(A) রাষ্ট্রের অধীন হলে তিনিও পূর্ণ স্বাধীনতা ভোগ করবেন

(B) প্রকৃতির অবস্থায় তার স্বাধীনতা উপভোগ করা খুবই অনিশ্চিত ও দুর্বল

(C) সে অন্যের উপর নিরঙ্কুশ ক্ষমতা প্রতিষ্ঠা করতে চায়

(D) তিনি প্রকৃতির রাষ্ট্রের নিয়মকে প্রত্যাখান করেন

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সামাজিক চুক্তি তত্ত্ব প্রাথমিকভাবে নিম্নলিখিত বিষয়ের সঙ্গে সম্পর্কিত (7^TH SLST 2023)

(A) রাষ্ট্রের প্রকৃতি

B) রাষ্ট্রের উৎপত্তি

(C) রাষ্ট্রের উদ্দেশ্য

(D) রাষ্ট্রের কার্যাবলী

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“Two Treatises of Government” বইটির লেখক হলেন (7^TH SLST 2023)

(A) হবস

(B) লক

(C) মন্তেস্কু

(D) বার্কার

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4. Who among the following termed right to life, liberty and property as natural rights and the main function of the state is to protect these natural rights of the individuals?

(TELANGANA SET 2023)

1. Aristotle

2. Thomas Aquinas

3. John Locke

4. Frederic Hegel

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5. Who among the following considered that 'morality existed in the State of Nature and was capable of being enforced there, perhaps imperfectly, by the voluntary actions of men, it follows that social contract is an extension of that pre-existing morality'? (TELANGANA SET 2023)

A. Locke

B. Hobbes

C. Acquinas

D. T. H. Green

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6. Talking about private property, who said that, “You shall see that some men will begin presently to enlarge his possession”? (Bihar PGT 2023)

(A) Grotius

(B) Rousseau

(C) Locke

(D) More than one of the above

(E) None of the above

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7. Which one of the following is not correct about John Locke? (SLET 17th March 2024)

(A) Natural Law was discovered by reason.

(B) State was a trustee with limited powers.

(C) Property as a right, is not a natural right.

(D) Lockean state is based on consent.

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8. Who said, "whenever law ends, tyranny begins" ? (Himachal Pradesh SET 2017)

(A) Thomas Hobbes

(B) John Locke

(C) Jean Jacques Rousseau

(D) John Rawls

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9. Which of the following is not among the ideas advocated by John Locke? (GUJARAT SET 2021 DEC)

(A) Limited sovereign State

(B) Guarantee of natural rights of life, liberty and labour

(C) Obligation to obey government based on freedom and consent

(D) Equal and equitable distribution of property

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10. Who among the following views political power in terms of rational consent of the governed and obligation of the power holders towards the subjects? (Madhya Pradesh SET 2022)

(A) Hobbes

(B) Locke

(C) Filmer

(D) Weber

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11. "Property is a natural Right" this view is of (Presidency University Masters Entrance Questions 2017)

(A) Jeremy Bentham

(B) Karl Marx

(C) John Locke

(D) Immanual Kant

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12. The right to life, liberty, and estate is associated with (CUET PG 2021)

1. Plato

2. Karl Marx

3. John Locke

4. Niccolo Machiavelli

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13. For John Locke, knowledge is based on (CUET PG 2021)

1. experience

2. divinity

3. reason

4. non-material sources

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14. Who is the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding? (CUET PG 2021)

1. Immanuel Kant

2. John Locke

3. Antonio Gramsci

4. John Rawls

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15. The author of 'Essay on Toleration' is (CUET PG 2022)

(1) Locke

(2) Rousseau

(3) J.S. Mill

(4) Kant

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16. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R (NET December 2020 & June 2021 Paper-II)

Assertion A: John Locke was portrayed as possessive individualist

Reason R: John Locke was not in favour of merely maximising interest

In light of the above statements

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

(a) A is correct but R is not correct

(b) A is not correct but R is correct

(c) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

(d) Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

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17. Who among the following is called Father of Liberalism? (DU MA 2018)

1. Hobbes

2. Locke

3. Machiavelli

4. Rousseau

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18. Who proposed the idea that "without law, there is no liberty"? (DU MA 2022)

1. Aristotle

2. J.S. Mill

3. John Locke

4. Patrick Delvin

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19. Locke's 'Essay Concerning Human Understanding' was a harbinger of: (DU MA 2021)

1. Renaissance

2. Reformation

3. Enlightenment

4. Capitalism

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20. Which of the following thinkers held that ‘he who mixes his labour removes a thing from its natural state and thus acquires a property right over that thing’? (University of Hyderabad MA 2019)

A. John Locke

B. Piene-Joseph Proudhon

C. Adam Smith

D. Mao Zedong

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21. The doctrine of tacit consent in Locke refers to (University of Hyderabad Ph.D 2021)

A. The consent of one who has possessions within the tenitory of a government

B. The consent of one who signs a social contract

C. The consent of the poor

D. The consent of the legislature

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22. Tacit consent is an idea proposed by: (University of Hyderabad Ph.D 2019)

A. John Stuart Mill

B. John Rawls

C. Robert Filmer

D. John Locke

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23. John Locke has written about: (Jadavpur University B.A 2010)

a) one contract

b) two contracts

c) three contracts

d) no contracts

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24. “Being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty or possessions”. Who said it? (KERALA SET JULY 2023)

A) Rousseau

B) Machiavelli

C) Jean Bodin

D) John Locke

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25. Who wrote A Letter Concerning Toleration? (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A) Thomas Hobbes

(B) Robert Filmer

(C) Immanuel Kant

(D) John Locke

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26. According to John Locke, the decision regarding revolt against the sovereign is to be taken by: (GUJARAT SET 2016 PAPER II)

(A) Majority of the legislators

(B) Consensus

(C) The society as a whole

(D) The aristocracy

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27. John Locke's theory of natural rights stems from his understanding of (GUJARAT SET 2014 PAPER III)

(A) Life

(B) Liberty

(C) Health

(D) Property

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28. Who is the thinker that John Locke criticizes in the First Treatise? (GUJARAT SET 2014 PAPER II)

(A) Thomas Hobbes

(B) Robert Filmer

(C) Marsiglio of Padua

(D) Hugo Grotius

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29. Which State Constitution in the US did John Locke help to draft? (GUJARAT SET 2013 PAPER III)

(A) Washington

(B) Vermont

(C) Carolina

(D) New Hampshire

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30. Whose theory of political obligation almost amounted to a "theory of revolution"? (GUJARAT SET 2010)

(A) Hobbes

(B) Locke

(C) Rousseau

(D) Edmund Burke

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31. According to John Locke the object of all human action is to (KARNATAKA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) To subordinate pleasure for pain

(B) Keep pleasure and pain equal

(C) To keep pleasure most of the time

(D) To subordinate pain for pleasure

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32. According to Locke, man is by nature (KARNATAKA SET 2018 PAPER II)

(A) Unsocial

(B) Social and rational

(C) Egoistic

(D) Quarrelsome

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33. Who regarded Locke’s theory of the State as the manifestation of “Possessive individualism”? (KARNATAKA SET 2017 PAPER III)

(A) Hayek

(B) Rawls

(C) Macpherson

(D) Oakshott

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34. With the help of the following code give the proper sequence of different stages in Locke’s Social Contract (KARNATAKA SET 2015 PAPER II)

I. Civil society

II. Government

III. State of nature

IV. Social contract

(A) IV, I, III, II

(B) I, II, III, IV

(C) II, III, I, IV

(D) III, IV, I, II

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35. Who said, “Where there is no law, there is no freedom”? (KARNATAKA SET 2015 PAPER III)

(A) T. H. Green

(B) John Locke

(C) Thomas Hobbes

(D) Karl Marx

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36. Which one of the following, according to John Locke, is not a natural right? (KARNATAKA SET 2015 PAPER III)

(A) Liberty

(B) Life

(C) Property

(D) Equality

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37. Who among the following maintains that persons carried into the state their natural rights from the state of nature? (KARNATAKA SET 2015 PAPER III)

(A) Rousseau

(B) Plato

(C) Locke

(D) Marx

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38. Assertion (A): Constitutionalism as an idea is identified with John Locke.

Reason (R): John Locke was highly critical of non-democratic government.

In the context of the above statements, which among the following is correct? (KARNATAKA SET 2015 PAPER III)

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is correct but (R) is false

(D) Both (A) and (R) are false

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39. The separation of Church and State is often credited in the writings of (KARNATAKA SET 2014 PAPER II)

(A) Niccolo Machiavelli

(B) Thomas Hobbes

(C) John Locke

(D) Karl Marx

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40. The thinker who is not a target of Popper's Open society and its Enemies: (KERALA SET 2022 JULY)

A) Plato

B) Hegel

C) Locke

D) Marx

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41. Who among the following theorists is credited with the origin of the modern conception of identity and self? (KARNATAKA SET 2014 PAPER III)

(A) Mc Iver

(B) John Locke

(C) Will Kymlika

(D) J. S. Mill

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42. John Locke was a great supporter of (KARNATAKA SET 2014 PAPER III)

(A) Absolute Monarchy

(B) Constitutional Monarchy

(C) Aristocracy

(D) Democracy

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43. The concept of natural right is associated with the name of (KARNATAKA SET 2014 PAPER III)

(A) John Locke

(B) Plato

(C) Machiavelli

(D) Karl Marx

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44. 'The reason why men enter into civil society is the preservation of their property'. Who said this? (KARNATAKA SET 2014 PAPER III)

(A) Thomas Hobbes

(B) J. J. Rousseau

(C) John Locke

(D) J. S. Mill

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45. Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government set out a theory of (KARNATAKA SET 2014 PAPER III)

(A) Natural rights

(B) Aristocracy

(C) Democracy

(D) Patronage

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46. According to John Locke, absolute monarchy is inconsistent with civil society because (University of Hyderabad MA 2020)

I. There will be no protection from the violence by the ruler

II. It will be against the purpose for which civil society is formed

III. Absolute monarchy is always inefficient in its functioning

IV. Civil Society is supposed to remedy the defect arising out of a man being a judge in his own case

A. I, II, III

B. II, III, N

C. I, III, N

D. I, II, IV

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47. Thinkers like Hobbes and Locke are: (University of Hyderabad Ph.D 2019)

A. Utopians

B. Existentialists

C. Utilitarians

D. Contractarians

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48. According to John Locke, which amongst the following is not a natural right? (Maharashtra SET 2024 Paper II)

(A) Right to Life

(B) Right to Property

(C) Right to Liberty

(D) Right to Work

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49. Locke uses the description "white paper, void of all characters" to describe: (University of Hyderabad M.Phil 2019)

A. Natural Law

B. Innocence of the primitive man

C. Innocence of children

D. Human mind at birth

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50. According to Locke, following are the natural rights of the people- (CUET PG 2024)

1. Right to equality, self preservation and right to property

2. Right to self preservation and right to property

3. Right to life. equality and right to property

4. Right to life, liberty and property

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51. Locke uses the description "white paper, void of all characters" to describe: (University of Hyderabad MA 2019)

A. Natural Law

B. Innocence of the primitive man

C. Innocence of children

D. Human mind at birth

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52. John Locke's concept of natural rights includes (University of Hyderabad MA 2021)

A Right to equal opportunity

B. Right to religion

C. Right to property

D. Right to election

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53. John Locke's Two Treatises of Government is a critique of : (GUJARAT SET 2019 DEC)

(A) Thomas Hobbes

(B) Robert Filmer

(C) Hugo Grotius

(D) Niccolo Machiavelli

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54. Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau unanimously agree upon (RAJASTHAN SET 2012 PART 1)

(1) On the situation of state of nature

(2) On the terms of social contract

(3) On state is a result of contract

(4) On the form of state sovereignty

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55. Consider the following statements regarding John Locke : (RAJASTHAN SET 2020 PART 2)

(i) "Two Treaties of Government' and 'A Letter concerning Toleration' were published in 1689.

(ii) The Second Treaties' of the "Two Treaties of Government' was a response to the version of the divine right of Kings theory developed by Robert Filmer.

(1) Only (i) is correct.

(2) Only (ii) is correct.

(3) Both (i) and (ii) are correct.

(4) Neither (i) nor (ii) is correct

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56. John Locke's view on state of nature is (GUJARAT SET 2017 AUG PAPER II)

(A) Pre-social

(B) Pre-political

(C) Pre-social and pre-political

(D) Social and political

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57. According to John Locke one of the following is not a natural right: (NET December 2004)

(A) Property

(B) Life

(C) Liberty

(D) Work

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58. Locke's view on 'state of nature' is (NET June 2012 Paper III)

(a) Pre-social

(b) Pre-political

(c) Pre-social and pre-political

(d) Social and Political

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59. Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding was a refutation of (NET December 2013 Paper III)

(a) Hobbes' Leviathan

(b) Priestley's Essay on Government

(c) Bentham's Fragment on Government

(d) Sir Robert Filmer's Patriarcha.

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60. Who among the following defined civil power as "the right of making laws with penalties . . . . for the regulating and preserving of property, and of employing the force of the community, in the execution of such laws all this only for the public good."? (NET December 2014 Paper II)

(a) Rousseau

(b) Karl Marx

(c) John Locke

(d) J.S. Mill

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61. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2014 Paper III)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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62. Match the following: (NET December 2015 Paper II)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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63. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET June 2015 Paper II)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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64. The Magna Carta, the Glorious Revolution and the writings of John Locke all contributed to the strengthening of Great Britain: (NET December 2015 Paper III)

(a) Absolute Monarchy

(b) Ethnic Rivalaries

(c) Parliamentary Democracy

(d) Imperialist Policies

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65. John Lockes contribution chiefly lies in his: (NET December 2015 Paper III)

(A) Consent theory.

(B) Limited Government.

(C)Theory of state as a corporate body.

(D) Organic conception of state.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(a) (A) and (D)

(b) (A) and (C)

(c) (B) and (C)

(d) (A) and (B)

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66. Given below are two statements one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). (NET December 2015 Paper III)

Assertion (A): For John Locke, Natural Rights are a product of nature.

Reason (R): State has to protect and safeguard these rights.

Codes:

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the right explanation of (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the right explanation of (A).

(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

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67. Who of the following notes the existence of legislative, executive and federative powers of the state? (NET June 2015 Paper III)

(a) Hobbes

(b) Locke

(c) Rousseau

(d) J. Bentham

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68. For Locke, which of the following statements is not true? (NET July 2016 Paper III)

(A) The state must be a constitutional state.

(B) Government must posses discretionary power.

(C) It is a tolerant state.

(D) The right to property is not a natural right.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(a) (A) and (C)

(b) (A) and (B)

(c) (B) only

(d) (D) only

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69. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET July 2016 Paper III)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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70. Given below are the two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET January 2017 Paper II)

Assertion (A): For Locke, Labour is the source and justification of property.

Reason (R): Its function is to turn the earth into consumable goods.

Codes:

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

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71. Who among the following defined Civil power as "the right of making laws with penalties... for the regulating and preserving of property, and of employing the force of the community, in the execution of such laws.... All this only for the public good."? (NET January 2017 Paper III)

(a) Machiavelli

(b) Thomas Hobbes

(c) John Locke

(d) Rousseau

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72. For Locke which of the following is not true in case of social contract? (NET July 2018 Paper II)

(a) Contract, once made, is irrevocable

(b) Contract to which each generation must not consent

(c) Contract in which men give up some of the rights they possessed in the state of nature

(d) Contract does not put an end to the Law of Nature

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73. Match List I with List II: (NET 2022 Paper II October Shift I)

a. (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)

b. (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

c. (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)

d. (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)

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74. Who is known as the father of modern liberalism? (BHU MA 2014)

(1) Locke

(2) Rousseau

(3) Adam Smith

(4) Hobbes

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75. Which one of the following is not a natural right according to Locke? (BHU MA 2015)

(1) Right to life

(2) Right to liberty

(3) Right to property

(4) Right to religion

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76. Who believes that Rights are not created by State? (BHU MA 2019)

1. T. H. Green

2. Thomas Hobbes

3. John Austin

4. John Locke

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77. 'Two Treatises of Government' is written by: (BHU MA 2019)

1. Locke

2. Plato

3. Hobbes

4. Rousseau

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78. Locke's view on 'state of nature' is: (BIHAR PSC TIER 3)

(A) Pre-social and pre-political

(B) Pre-political

(C) Pre-social

(D) More than one of the above

(E) None of the above

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79. The idea of tacit consent is formulated by: (University of Hyderabad MA 2015)

A. John Locke

B. J. J Rousseau

C. Alex Tocqueville

D. Antonio Gramsci

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80. The theory of natural rights was propounded by (JMI M.A. 2023)

(a) Rousseau

(b) Hobbes

(c) Locke

(d) T. H. Green

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81. John Locke was a supporter of the theory of: (JMI M.A. 2023)

(a) natural rights

(b) historical rights

(c) legal rights

(d) ethical rights

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82. The Theory of Social Contract primarily seeks: (JMI M.A. 2023)

(a) to explain the origin of the State

(b) to explain origin of capitalism

(c) to over throw the Democratic State

(d) to bring out a radical transformation of society by revolution

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83. The theory of natural rights was propounded by (JMI M.A. 2016)

(A) Rousseau

(B) Hobbes

(C) Locke

(D) T. H. Green

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84. The Theory of Social Contract primarily seeks: (JMI M.A. 2016)

(A) To explain the origin of the State

(B) To explain origin of capitalism

(C) To over throw the Democratic State

(D) To bring out a radical transformation of society by revolution

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85. Which 17th Century philosopher equated civil society with political society? (JMI M.A. 2019)

A) Thomas Hobbes

B) Karl Marx

C) John Rawls

D) John Locke

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86. Which philosopher argued that the best form of government is a republic, ruled by laws and elected representatives? (JMI M.A. 2019)

A. John Locke

B. Niccolò Machiavelli

C. Thomas Hobbes

D. Plato

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87. John Locke is associated with which theory of government? (JMI M.A. 2019)

A. Totalitarianism

B. Fascism

C. Limited Government

D. Communism

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88. The historical background of the Second Treatise by John Locke was? (JMI M.A. 2021-2022)

A) French Revolution

B) American Revolution

C) Revolt of 1857

D) Glorious Revolution

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89. Which of the following sentences are correct in regards to John Locke? (NET March 2023 Shift I)

A. He subscribes empiricism

B. He has written 'Essay Concerning Human Understanding'.

C. He believes in limited state.

D. He is the propounder of popular sovereingty.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. (A), (B), (C) only

2. (C), (D) only

3. (A), (D) only

4. (B), (C) only

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90. Match the books with respective authors: (WEST BENGAL SET 2020)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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91. Who amongst the following theorists talked about the 'right to rebellion'? (WEST BENGAL SET DECEMBER 2023)

(A) Mao Zedong

(B) John Stuart Mill

(C) Che Guevara

(D) John Locke

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92. Locke's view on 'state of nature' is (WEST BENGAL SET DECEMBER 2023)

(A) Pre-social

(B) Pre-political

(C) Pre-social and Pre-political

(D) Social and Political

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93. ‘Two Treatises of Government’ was written by (RAJASTHAN SET 2023)

(A) John Locke

(B) J. J. Rousseau

(C) Thomas Hobbes

(D) Spencer

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94. The liberal theory of social contract emphasizes the notion of (MAHARASHTRA SET 2016 PAPER III)

(A) Tradition

(B) Force

(C) Promise

(D) Faith

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95. Which one of the following pairs is incorrectly matched? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2016 PAPER II)

(A) Jeremy Bentham -Utilitarianism

(B) John Locke -Hedonism

(C) Jean Jacques Rousseau -Social Contract

(D) Antonio Gramsci-- Hegemony

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96. Which is the Supreme authority according to Locke? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2017 PAPER III)

(A) Legislative

(B) Executive

(C) Federative

(D) Both Executive and Federative

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97. Who argued that ‘life, liberty and property’ are inalienable rights of men ? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2019 PAPER II)

(A) Aristotle

(B) Rousseau

(C) Hobbes

(D) Locke

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98. The theory of social contract primarily seeks - (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) to explore the historical origin of the state

(B) to explain the basis of political obligation

(C) to justify the status quo

(D) to bring out a radical transformation of society by revolution

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99. For which one of the following principles, Locke has been criticized for not explaining adequately? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) Property

(B) Consent

(C) Tolerance

(D) Rule of law

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100. Who is known as the father of liberal political philosophy? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) Thomas Hobbes

(B) James Bodin

(C) John Locke

(D) Rousseau

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101. The Lockean conception of social contract contributed to the classical theory of democracy. Which of the following statements is not democratic according to Locke? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(A) The basis of political power was the consent of the people

(B) People were real sovereign

(C) Constitutional but absolute government

(D) Government not protector of individual’s rights

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102. Emmanuel Kant and John Locke provide the philosophical basis for (KERALA SET 2013 DECEMBER)

A) Realism

B) Liberalism

C) Post Modernism

D) Behaviouralism

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103. Locke laid the philosophical foundation to the idea of (KERALA SET 2013 DECEMBER)

A) Limited government

B) Republicanism

C) Constitutional monarchy

D) Welfare state

104 / 150

104. ‘The reason why men enter into civil society is the preservation of their property’. Who said this? (KERALA SET 2013 DECEMBER)

A) Hobbes

B) Locke

C) Rousseau

D) Mill

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105. Which one of the following is not a natural right, according to Locke? (KERALA SET 2013 DECEMBER)

A) Life

B) Liberty

C) Equality

D) Property

106 / 150

106. The principle of ‘Public Good’ was borrowed by Rousseau from: (KERALA SET 2018 FEBRUARY)

A) J. S. Mill

B) T. H. Green

C) Locke

D) Bentham

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107. According to John Locke, which of the following are the natural rights of man? (KERALA SET 2020 FEBRUARY)

A) Right to Freedom, religion and Property

B) Right to life liberty and property

C) Right to govern, right to liberty and family

D) None of the above

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108. The first exponent of Political liberalism: (KERALA SET 2021 JULY)

A) John Locke

B) Rousseau

C) Bentham

D) J. S. Mill

109 / 150

109. The thinker who suggests that right to property is the basis of life and liberties: (KERALA SET 2022 JULY)

A) Hobbes

B) Locke

C) Laski

D) Rousseau

110 / 150

110. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2018)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

111 / 150

111. With the help from the following code, find out the proper sequence in which Locke's social contract is established: (University of Hyderabad MA 2017)

(i) Civil Society

(ii) State of Nature

(iii) Government

(iv) Social Contract

A. ii, iv, i, iii

B. i, iii, iv, ii

C. iii, i, ii, iv

D. iv, ii, i, iii

112 / 150

112. Which of the following is/are TRUE about the Glorious Revolution? (University of Hyderabad MA 2018)

I. It established the Parliament as the primary ruling power

II. It established the King as the primary ruling power

III. It is also called the bloodless revolution

IV. It led to the deposition of James II and the accession of Mary II

A. I, III, and IV

B. II, III, and IV

C. III and IV

D. Only I

113 / 150

113. In a state, there are two types of sovereignty not one - one of government and second of peoples among the following who consider this thought (RAJASTHAN SET 2012 PART 2)

(1) Hobbes

(2) Locke

(3) Rousseau

(4) Mill

114 / 150

114. Identify the philosopher and his philosophy: (PUMDET 2019)

(A) a-4; b-3; c-2; d-1

(B) a-3; b-4; c-1; d-2

(C) a-1; b-2; c-3; d-4

(D) a-2; b-3; c-4; d-1

115 / 150

115. Arrange the following in a sequence that historically and conceptually presents the concepts of civil society. (NET DECEMBER 2023)

A. It can be understood as a collective entity that springs from society and exists for specific and limited purposes

B. The concept was part of the economic and political liberalism that arose with John Locke and was celebrated by Scottish enlightenment.

C. Civil society is one among many spheres of the larger society along with family, economy, polities etc

D. The concept found a significant place in the writings of Hegel and Marx in the 19th century

E. The first articulation of the concept took place in the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe.

1. A, B, C, D, E

2. B, D, C, E, A

3. C, A, E, B, D

4. E, B. A, C, D

116 / 150

116. Who questioned the view that Locke was a defender of the Glorious Revolution? (NET November 2017 Paper III)

(a) Tawney

(b) Sabine

(c) MacPherson

(d) Ashcraft

117 / 150

117. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below: (NET November 2017 Paper III)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Betham on self-regarding and other-regarding action:

Jeremy Bentham distinguished between self-regarding actions and other-regarding actions. Self-regarding actions primarily affect the individual performing them, and individuals have the right to make their own choices in these matters. Other-regarding actions, on the other hand, impact others, and Bentham believed that society could intervene to regulate or restrict these actions if necessary for the overall happiness and well-being of the community.

John Locke's concept of tacit consent, outlined in his "Two Treatises of Government" (1689), posits that individuals implicitly consent to political authority by choosing to reside in a society and enjoying its benefits. While explicit consent is straightforward, tacit consent addresses situations where individuals may not explicitly agree to a social contract. Locke argues that by participating in a community, using its resources, and benefiting from its institutions, individuals effectively give their consent to be governed. This notion allows for the legitimacy of political authority even without direct, explicit agreements. Locke contends that individuals have the option to leave a society if they disagree with its government, but as long as they stay and partake in its benefits, they are bound by tacit agreement. His ideas on consent have had a profound impact on later political thought, influencing liberal democratic theories.

___________________

Self-regarding and other-regarding action

The distinction between "self-regarding" and "other-regarding" actions is indeed a key concept in the moral and ethical philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, a British philosopher and one of the founders of utilitarianism. This distinction is particularly highlighted in Bentham's utilitarian framework, which seeks to evaluate actions based on their overall utility or the greatest happiness for the greatest number.

Self-Regarding Actions:

Self-regarding actions are those actions that primarily affect only the individual agent and do not significantly impact others.

Bentham argues that individuals should have the freedom to pursue their own interests and engage in self-regarding actions without interference from the government or society.

Other-Regarding Actions:

Other-regarding actions, on the other hand, are actions that have a direct impact on the well-being or interests of others.

Bentham believed that in the case of other-regarding actions, society has a legitimate interest in regulating behavior to prevent harm to others and promote the greatest happiness overall.

Bentham's utilitarianism emphasizes the importance of calculating the overall pleasure and pain resulting from actions. While individuals should have the freedom to pursue their own happiness in self-regarding actions, interference becomes justifiable when actions affect the welfare of others. This distinction plays a crucial role in Bentham's utilitarian calculus, where the consequences of actions are assessed based on their impact on the happiness of all individuals involved.

118 / 150

118. Give the correct answer by using the codes given below: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2016 PAPER III)

(1) Hobbes- Natural Right

(2) Locke - Natural Right

(3) Rousseau - Natural Right

Codes:

(A) (1) and (3) are correct

(B) (2) and (3) are correct

(C) (1), (2) and (3) are correct

(D) (1) and (2) are correct

119 / 150

119. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer with the help of codes given below: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2017 PAPER III)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

120 / 150

120. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from codes given below. (KERALA SET 2018 JULY)

A)

B)

C)

D)

Felicific Calculus:

Jeremy Bentham, an influential philosopher and one of the founders of utilitarianism, introduced the concept of "felicific calculus" as a key component of his ethical framework. Felicific calculus is a method for calculating the overall happiness or pleasure produced by a particular action or decision. Bentham's utilitarianism is centered on the principle of maximizing happiness or pleasure and minimizing pain or suffering for the greatest number of individuals.

The basic idea of felicific calculus involves evaluating the consequences of actions by considering various factors and assigning a quantitative measure to each. These factors include intensity, duration, certainty or uncertainty, propinquity or remoteness, fecundity, purity, and extent. Each factor contributes to the overall calculation of the pleasure or pain resulting from a specific action.

Bentham proposed that individuals should weigh these factors when making moral decisions. The goal is to choose actions that lead to the greatest overall happiness for the greatest number of people. Felicific calculus is essentially a systematic approach to moral decision-making based on the utilitarian principle of seeking the greatest good for the greatest number.

_______________________

Commonwealth:

John Locke's idea of the "commonwealth" is closely tied to his political philosophy, particularly as outlined in his work "Two Treatises of Government" (1690). In the context of Locke's writings, the term "commonwealth" refers to a political society or civil government formed by a social contract among individuals. Locke's concept of the commonwealth is grounded in the protection of natural rights and the pursuit of the common good.

Here are key points related to Locke's idea of the commonwealth:

Social Contract:
- Locke argues that individuals initially exist in a state of nature, where they possess natural rights, including the rights to life, liberty, and property.
- The formation of the commonwealth involves individuals entering into a social contract, agreeing to establish civil government to protect their natural rights.
Purpose of Government:
- The primary purpose of the commonwealth, according to Locke, is to secure and protect the natural rights of its members.
- Governments are created by the consent of the governed and exist to maintain order, resolve disputes, and defend against external threats.
Limitations on Government:
- Locke emphasizes limitations on governmental power. The authority of the commonwealth is legitimate only as long as it serves the interests of the people and protects their rights.
- If a government oversteps its bounds or fails in its duties, Locke contends that the people have the right to alter or abolish it.
Popular Sovereignty:
- The commonwealth, in Locke's view, is based on the principle of popular sovereignty. Political authority ultimately resides with the people, and the government derives its legitimacy from their consent.

Overall, Locke's idea of the commonwealth reflects his commitment to the protection of individual rights, the consent of the governed, and the establishment of a government that serves the common good.

New Democracy:

Mao Zedong's concept of New Democracy proposed a transitional stage between feudalism and socialism, advocating for a broad alliance of social classes, including the bourgeoisie, to achieve national independence, democracy, and social progress. It aimed to mobilize the masses for revolution while allowing the bourgeoisie to participate in rebuilding China, emphasizing unity against imperialism and feudalism.

121 / 150

121. Match List I with List II (KERALA SET 2022 JANUARY)

A) a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3

B) a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1

C) a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1

D) a-1, b-4, c-2, d-3

122 / 150

122. Among the following, what is not related to John Locke? (RAJASTHAN SET 2013 PART 1)

(1) Differential Rationality

(2) Patriarchal Hierarchy

(3) Possesive Individualism

(4) Labour theory of value

123 / 150

123. According to which of the following thinkers, the institution of property was absent in the state of nature? (RAJASTHAN SET 2020 PART 2)

(i) Thomas Hobbes

(ii) John Locke

(iii) J.J. Rousseau

Choose the correct option:

(1) Only (i) and (ii)

(2) Only (i) and (iii)

(3) Only (ii) and (iii)

(4) (i), (ii) and (iii)

124 / 150

124. Consider the following correct statements- (NET August 2024 Shift II)

A. Anthony Smith wrote the book 'The Ethnic Origins of Nations'.

B. Ernest Gellner emphasised his idea of nationalism in book 'Nations and Nationalism."

C. Malcom X argued for rediscovery of Africa as a spiritual and cultural homeland.

D. John Loke's idea of General Will was the seed from which nationalist doctrines sprang during the French Revolution of 1789.

E. Eric Hobsbawn highlighted the idea of 'invented traditions."

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B, D, E Only

2. B, D, E Only

3. A, B, C, D, E

4. A, B, C, E Only

125 / 150

125. Who said that 'Power of Government is like a Trust'? (BHU MA 2015)

(1) Hobbes

(2) Rousseau

(3) Locke

(4) Kant

126 / 150

126. In which of his following books Locke criticizes the theory of Divine Rights? (BHU MA 2015)

(1) Letter on Toleration

(2) Two Treatise on Government

(3) Essay Concerning Human Understanding

(4) Fourth Letter on Toleration

127 / 150

127. The basis of the concept of Private Property of John Locke is: (BHU MA 2015)

(1) Equality

(2) Liberty

(3) Morality

(4) Labor

128 / 150

128. Who among the following is a supporter of limited Sovereignty? (BHU MA 2016)

(1) Bodin

(2) Hobbes

(3) Locke

(4) Rousseau

129 / 150

129. Locke was critical of patriarchy argument of: (WB SET 2017 Paper III)

(A) Faeurback

(B) Filmer

(C) Montesquieu

(D) John Austin

130 / 150

130. Who, among the following, did advocate the concept of natural rights? (WB SET 2017 Paper III)

(A) Rousseau

(B) Montesquieu

(C) Locke

(D) Jean Bodin

131 / 150

131. A Constitutional Govemment stands for: (NET December 2004)

(A) a government with a Constitution

(B) a government run by people's representatives

(C) a government run by the people's representatives with the help of bureaucracy

(D) a limited Government

132 / 150

132. Which one 'right' in the follwing includes two other rights according to locke? (NET December 2005)

(A) Right to Property

(B) Right to Life

(C) Right to Liberty

(D) Right to Equality

133 / 150

133. A constitutional government is: (NET December 2006)

(A) a limited government

(B) a government with a constitution

(C) a government headed by the President

(D) a government headed by the Prime Minister

134 / 150

134. Assertion (A): According to Locke, the functions of government as well as its powers are limited

Reason (R): Government exists, he says, to protect life, liberty and property.

(NET December 2006)

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation.

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation.

(C) (A) is true but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

135 / 150

135. The problem of 'minority opinion' was tackled by: (NET December 2008)

(A) Hobbes

(B) Locke

(C) Marx

(D) Rousseau

136 / 150

136. Which one of the following has a close affinity to the rule of law? (NET June 2008)

(A) Written Constitution

(B) Judicial Supremacy

(C) Separation of Powers

(D) Limited Government

137 / 150

137. Limited Government has a close affinity to (NET December 2009 Paper II)

(A) Separation of powers

(B) Judicial supremacy

(C) Two-party system

(D) Rule of Law

138 / 150

138. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2011 Paper II)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

139 / 150

139. Which one of the following is not a supporter of Deontological view? (NET December 2011 Paper II)

(A) John Locke

(B) John Rawls

(C) Machiavelli

(D) Isaiah Berlin

140 / 150

140. Arrange the following books in chronological order as per codes given below: (NET December 2011 Paper II)

(i) An Essay concerning Toleration

(ii) De Cive

(iii) Confessions

(iv) Political Liberalism

Codes:

(A) (iii), (iv), (ii), (i)

(B) (i), (ii), (iv), (iii)

(C) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)

(D) (iv), (iii), (i), (ii)

141 / 150

141. Match List – I with List – II and choose the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET June 2011 Paper II)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

142 / 150

142. Arrange the following thinkers in chronological order. Use the code given below: (NET June 2011 Paper II)

(i) Montesquieu

(ii) John Locke

(iii) Almond

(iv) Arthur Bentley

Codes:

(A) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

(B) (ii), (iii), (i), (iv)

(C) (iv), (ii), (iii), (i)

(D) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)

143 / 150

143. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer: (WEST BENGAL SET 2022)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

144 / 150

144. Match the following form the correct pairs: (NET December 2004)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

145 / 150

145. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2005)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

146 / 150

146. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2006)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

147 / 150

147. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below: (NET June 2009)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

148 / 150

148. Give, with the help of the code given below, the correct chronological order of publication of the following books: (NET June 2009)

(i) A Grammar of Politics

(ii) The End of History and the Last Man

(iii) The Two Treatises of Government

(iv) Anarchy, State and Utopia

Code:

(A) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)

(B) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)

(C) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

(D) (ii), (iv), (i), (iii)

149 / 150

149. One of the criticism for the theory of Natural Rights is that it (NET June 2010 Paper II)

(A) places societal interests over individual interests

(B) assumes that rights exist prior to society

(C) believes that rights are the creations of the sovereign

(D) puts too much emphasis on social recognition of rights

150 / 150

150. Assertion (A): Social Contract established a sovereign Government.

Reason (R): Citizens do have an absolute obligation to obey all laws or accept any form of Government.

In the context of the two statements, which one of the following is correct? (NET December 2012 Paper III)

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Your score is

The average score is 34%

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