Amartya Sen - Political Science Coaching Centre

Created by

Dr. S. H. Sarkar

Amartya Sen

1 / 29

1. What aspects of the capability approach to a person's advantage proposed by Amartya Sen is not captured in the following statement? (JNU MA 2021)

1. Ability to meet nutritional requirements

2. Access to clothing and shelter

3. The power to participate in the social life of the community

4. Fulfilment of all desires and pleasures

The Capability Approach, developed by economist and philosopher Amartya Sen, is a conceptual framework used to evaluate individual well-being, social arrangements, and the development of societies. It emphasizes the real freedoms or capabilities people have to lead the kind of life they value, rather than merely focusing on material wealth or economic resources.

Key aspects of the Capability Approach include:

Capabilities: These refer to the substantive freedoms or opportunities that individuals have to achieve valuable outcomes. For example, the ability to be healthy, to pursue education, or to participate in social and political activities are all capabilities.
Functionings: These are the various states of being and activities that a person can achieve, such as being well-nourished, being literate, or being employed. Functionings are the actual achievements, while capabilities are the potential to achieve.
Focus on Individuals: The approach centers around individual freedom and agency. It evaluates how well individuals can convert available resources into functionings they value, considering factors like personal characteristics, social norms, and environmental conditions.
Comprehensive View of Development: Instead of focusing solely on economic indicators like GDP, the Capability Approach looks at the real freedoms and opportunities that individuals have. Development, from this perspective, means expanding people's capabilities to live a fulfilling life.
Justice and Inequality: The Capability Approach provides a way to think about social justice by identifying the gaps in capabilities between different groups. It recognizes that inequalities in education, healthcare, and social participation can limit people's freedoms and well-being, even if economic resources are available.

In summary, the Capability Approach shifts attention from traditional measures of economic development to a broader understanding of human well-being, focusing on what people can actually do and be in their lives.

2 / 29

2. Who among the following are the propagators of Capability approach? (DU MA 2018)

1. John Rawls and Robert Nozick

2. J.S. Mill and Amartya Sen

3. Martha Nussbaum and Amartya Sen

4. Amartya Sen and Jurgen Habermas

The Capability Approach, developed by economist and philosopher Amartya Sen, is a conceptual framework used to evaluate individual well-being, social arrangements, and the development of societies. It emphasizes the real freedoms or capabilities people have to lead the kind of life they value, rather than merely focusing on material wealth or economic resources.

Key aspects of the Capability Approach include:

Capabilities: These refer to the substantive freedoms or opportunities that individuals have to achieve valuable outcomes. For example, the ability to be healthy, to pursue education, or to participate in social and political activities are all capabilities.
Functionings: These are the various states of being and activities that a person can achieve, such as being well-nourished, being literate, or being employed. Functionings are the actual achievements, while capabilities are the potential to achieve.
Focus on Individuals: The approach centers around individual freedom and agency. It evaluates how well individuals can convert available resources into functionings they value, considering factors like personal characteristics, social norms, and environmental conditions.
Comprehensive View of Development: Instead of focusing solely on economic indicators like GDP, the Capability Approach looks at the real freedoms and opportunities that individuals have. Development, from this perspective, means expanding people's capabilities to live a fulfilling life.
Justice and Inequality: The Capability Approach provides a way to think about social justice by identifying the gaps in capabilities between different groups. It recognizes that inequalities in education, healthcare, and social participation can limit people's freedoms and well-being, even if economic resources are available.

In summary, the Capability Approach shifts attention from traditional measures of economic development to a broader understanding of human well-being, focusing on what people can actually do and be in their lives.

__________________

Martha Nussbaum is a key propagator and collaborator of the Capability Approach, alongside Amartya Sen. While Sen initially developed the approach, Nussbaum expanded and refined it, particularly focusing on its application to human development, gender equality, and justice.

Nussbaum's contributions to the Capability Approach include:

Emphasis on Human Dignity: Nussbaum builds on the idea that human dignity and respect for human capabilities are central to justice. She argues that societies should be evaluated based on how well they support individuals in achieving the capabilities necessary for a dignified life.
List of Central Capabilities: While Sen avoids providing a definitive list of capabilities, leaving it open to democratic debate, Nussbaum proposes a concrete list of ten central capabilities that she believes every person should have access to. These include:
- Life
- Bodily health
- Bodily integrity
- Senses, imagination, and thought
- Emotions
- Practical reason
- Affiliation (social interaction and respect)
- Other species (living with concern for animals and the environment)
- Play
- Control over one's environment (both political and material)
Application to Social Justice: Nussbaum uses the Capability Approach as a foundation for her theory of social justice. She argues that political systems should ensure that all individuals have access to the basic capabilities required to live a life of dignity and meaning.
Focus on Women and Marginalized Groups: Nussbaum is particularly concerned with how the Capability Approach can address inequalities, especially for women and other marginalized groups. Her work highlights the ways in which social, economic, and cultural structures can limit people’s capabilities, and advocates for policies that expand opportunities for all individuals.

In contrast to Sen, who prefers a flexible and pluralistic framework, Nussbaum’s version of the Capability Approach is more prescriptive, offering a concrete ethical framework for evaluating justice and human development. Both thinkers, however, see the approach as a powerful tool for assessing well-being and social arrangements beyond economic growth alone.

3 / 29

3. Who among the following thinkers is known for capability approach'? (CUET PG 2021)

1. Amartya Sen

2. Abhijit Banerjee

3. Thomas Friedman

4. Jagdish Bhagwati

It was developed by Nobel Prize winner Amartya Sen in 1979.

The Capability Approach, developed by economist and philosopher Amartya Sen, is a conceptual framework used to evaluate individual well-being, social arrangements, and the development of societies. It emphasizes the real freedoms or capabilities people have to lead the kind of life they value, rather than merely focusing on material wealth or economic resources.

Key aspects of the Capability Approach include:

Capabilities: These refer to the substantive freedoms or opportunities that individuals have to achieve valuable outcomes. For example, the ability to be healthy, to pursue education, or to participate in social and political activities are all capabilities.
Functionings: These are the various states of being and activities that a person can achieve, such as being well-nourished, being literate, or being employed. Functionings are the actual achievements, while capabilities are the potential to achieve.
Focus on Individuals: The approach centers around individual freedom and agency. It evaluates how well individuals can convert available resources into functionings they value, considering factors like personal characteristics, social norms, and environmental conditions.
Comprehensive View of Development: Instead of focusing solely on economic indicators like GDP, the Capability Approach looks at the real freedoms and opportunities that individuals have. Development, from this perspective, means expanding people's capabilities to live a fulfilling life.
Justice and Inequality: The Capability Approach provides a way to think about social justice by identifying the gaps in capabilities between different groups. It recognizes that inequalities in education, healthcare, and social participation can limit people's freedoms and well-being, even if economic resources are available.

In summary, the Capability Approach shifts attention from traditional measures of economic development to a broader understanding of human well-being, focusing on what people can actually do and be in their lives.

4 / 29

4. Match Column-A with Column-B in terms of the codes below: (SLET 17th March 2024)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

Amartya Sen, an influential economist and philosopher, has authored numerous works covering economics, philosophy, ethics, and social justice. His publications are known for their contributions to welfare economics, development theory, and political philosophy. Here is a list of some of his most significant publications:

Books

"Collective Choice and Social Welfare" (1970)
- One of Sen's seminal works on welfare economics, this book explores how to aggregate individual preferences, welfare, and choices to reach collective decisions.
"Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation" (1981)
- Sen introduces the concept of entitlements and argues that famines occur not due to a lack of food, but because of inequalities in food distribution and access.
"Choice, Welfare and Measurement" (1982)
- A collection of essays where Sen addresses issues related to welfare economics, social choice, and individual preferences.
"Commodities and Capabilities" (1985)
- This book outlines the early foundations of the Capability Approach, focusing on the relationship between economic resources and human well-being.
"The Standard of Living" (1987)
- Based on Sen’s Tanner Lectures, this book delves into the concepts of wealth, quality of life, and the standard of living, introducing core ideas about capabilities.
"Inequality Reexamined" (1992)
- In this work, Sen critically assesses different concepts of inequality and justice, advocating for the Capability Approach as a better metric for evaluating well-being and equality.
"Development as Freedom" (1999)
- One of Sen's most famous works, this book argues that development should be seen as the expansion of people's freedoms, rather than simply economic growth. It emphasizes the role of political and social freedoms in enhancing well-being.
"Rationality and Freedom" (2002)
- Sen explores the relationship between rationality, freedom, and human decision-making, drawing from economics and philosophy.
"Identity and Violence: The Illusion of Destiny" (2006)
- This book examines the idea of identity and how it can lead to divisions and violence. Sen critiques the reductionist view of identity as a singular aspect of a person’s life.
"The Idea of Justice" (2009)
- Sen critiques traditional theories of justice (such as those by John Rawls) and argues for a comparative approach to justice, focusing on the practical realization of justice through public reasoning and capabilities.
"The Argumentative Indian" (2005)
- A collection of essays where Sen explores India's intellectual traditions and cultural diversity, emphasizing the role of argument and debate in Indian history.
"An Uncertain Glory: India and Its Contradictions" (2013) (co-authored with Jean Drèze)
- This book assesses India's development, highlighting the stark contrast between its economic growth and continuing social inequalities, with a focus on public services, education, and healthcare.
"Home in the World: A Memoir" (2021)
- Sen's memoir, where he reflects on his early life, education, and intellectual journey, including his experiences in India, England, and beyond.

Selected Papers and Articles

"The Impossibility of a Paretian Liberal" (1970)
- A famous paper where Sen demonstrates a paradox in social choice theory, known as the "liberal paradox."
"Utilitarianism and Welfarism" (1979)
- In this paper, Sen critiques utilitarianism and introduces alternative approaches to welfare, emphasizing the limitations of focusing solely on utility.
"Equality of What?" (1980)
- A highly influential essay where Sen poses the question of what metric should be used to assess equality and introduces the Capability Approach as an alternative to resources or utility-based metrics.
"Development: Which Way Now?" (1983)
- In this paper, Sen challenges traditional views of development that focus exclusively on income growth and highlights the importance of freedoms and capabilities.
"Social Choice Theory" (1995)
- Sen explores the complexities of social choice theory, discussing how to reconcile individual preferences and welfare in collective decision-making.
"Elements of a Theory of Human Rights" (2004)
- A paper where Sen discusses the foundations of human rights, linking them with his ideas about capabilities and freedoms.
"Global Justice" (2004)
- This essay addresses the question of justice in the context of global inequality and advocates for a broader view of justice that includes capabilities and human rights.

Edited Volumes

"The Quality of Life" (1993) (co-edited with Martha Nussbaum)
- A collection of essays that explore well-being and quality of life, incorporating both philosophical and economic perspectives.
"Resources, Values and Development" (1984)
- An edited collection of Sen’s essays on welfare economics, inequality, and development.

Amartya Sen's work has influenced various fields, including development economics, social choice theory, philosophy, and human rights. His publications continue to shape debates on economic policy, justice, and global development.

5 / 29

5. Which of the following scholar is associated with Capability Approach? (JAMMU & KASHMIR SET JUNE 2022)

(A) Amartya Sen

(B) A.G. Frank

(C) W.W. Rustow quon

(D) Francis Fukuyama

The Capability Approach, developed by economist and philosopher Amartya Sen, is a conceptual framework used to evaluate individual well-being, social arrangements, and the development of societies. It emphasizes the real freedoms or capabilities people have to lead the kind of life they value, rather than merely focusing on material wealth or economic resources.

Key aspects of the Capability Approach include:

Capabilities: These refer to the substantive freedoms or opportunities that individuals have to achieve valuable outcomes. For example, the ability to be healthy, to pursue education, or to participate in social and political activities are all capabilities.
Functionings: These are the various states of being and activities that a person can achieve, such as being well-nourished, being literate, or being employed. Functionings are the actual achievements, while capabilities are the potential to achieve.
Focus on Individuals: The approach centers around individual freedom and agency. It evaluates how well individuals can convert available resources into functionings they value, considering factors like personal characteristics, social norms, and environmental conditions.
Comprehensive View of Development: Instead of focusing solely on economic indicators like GDP, the Capability Approach looks at the real freedoms and opportunities that individuals have. Development, from this perspective, means expanding people's capabilities to live a fulfilling life.
Justice and Inequality: The Capability Approach provides a way to think about social justice by identifying the gaps in capabilities between different groups. It recognizes that inequalities in education, healthcare, and social participation can limit people's freedoms and well-being, even if economic resources are available.

In summary, the Capability Approach shifts attention from traditional measures of economic development to a broader understanding of human well-being, focusing on what people can actually do and be in their lives.

6 / 29

6. Which one of the following books is not written by Amartya Sen? (RAJASTHAN SET 2020 PART 2)

(1) Development as Freedom

(2) The Idea of Justice

(3) The Argumentative Indian

(4) Democracy and Development in India

Amartya Sen, an influential economist and philosopher, has authored numerous works covering economics, philosophy, ethics, and social justice. His publications are known for their contributions to welfare economics, development theory, and political philosophy. Here is a list of some of his most significant publications:

Books

"Collective Choice and Social Welfare" (1970)
- One of Sen's seminal works on welfare economics, this book explores how to aggregate individual preferences, welfare, and choices to reach collective decisions.
"Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation" (1981)
- Sen introduces the concept of entitlements and argues that famines occur not due to a lack of food, but because of inequalities in food distribution and access.
"Choice, Welfare and Measurement" (1982)
- A collection of essays where Sen addresses issues related to welfare economics, social choice, and individual preferences.
"Commodities and Capabilities" (1985)
- This book outlines the early foundations of the Capability Approach, focusing on the relationship between economic resources and human well-being.
"The Standard of Living" (1987)
- Based on Sen’s Tanner Lectures, this book delves into the concepts of wealth, quality of life, and the standard of living, introducing core ideas about capabilities.
"Inequality Reexamined" (1992)
- In this work, Sen critically assesses different concepts of inequality and justice, advocating for the Capability Approach as a better metric for evaluating well-being and equality.
"Development as Freedom" (1999)
- One of Sen's most famous works, this book argues that development should be seen as the expansion of people's freedoms, rather than simply economic growth. It emphasizes the role of political and social freedoms in enhancing well-being.
"Rationality and Freedom" (2002)
- Sen explores the relationship between rationality, freedom, and human decision-making, drawing from economics and philosophy.
"Identity and Violence: The Illusion of Destiny" (2006)
- This book examines the idea of identity and how it can lead to divisions and violence. Sen critiques the reductionist view of identity as a singular aspect of a person’s life.
"The Idea of Justice" (2009)
- Sen critiques traditional theories of justice (such as those by John Rawls) and argues for a comparative approach to justice, focusing on the practical realization of justice through public reasoning and capabilities.
"The Argumentative Indian" (2005)
- A collection of essays where Sen explores India's intellectual traditions and cultural diversity, emphasizing the role of argument and debate in Indian history.
"An Uncertain Glory: India and Its Contradictions" (2013) (co-authored with Jean Drèze)
- This book assesses India's development, highlighting the stark contrast between its economic growth and continuing social inequalities, with a focus on public services, education, and healthcare.
"Home in the World: A Memoir" (2021)
- Sen's memoir, where he reflects on his early life, education, and intellectual journey, including his experiences in India, England, and beyond.

Selected Papers and Articles

"The Impossibility of a Paretian Liberal" (1970)
- A famous paper where Sen demonstrates a paradox in social choice theory, known as the "liberal paradox."
"Utilitarianism and Welfarism" (1979)
- In this paper, Sen critiques utilitarianism and introduces alternative approaches to welfare, emphasizing the limitations of focusing solely on utility.
"Equality of What?" (1980)
- A highly influential essay where Sen poses the question of what metric should be used to assess equality and introduces the Capability Approach as an alternative to resources or utility-based metrics.
"Development: Which Way Now?" (1983)
- In this paper, Sen challenges traditional views of development that focus exclusively on income growth and highlights the importance of freedoms and capabilities.
"Social Choice Theory" (1995)
- Sen explores the complexities of social choice theory, discussing how to reconcile individual preferences and welfare in collective decision-making.
"Elements of a Theory of Human Rights" (2004)
- A paper where Sen discusses the foundations of human rights, linking them with his ideas about capabilities and freedoms.
"Global Justice" (2004)
- This essay addresses the question of justice in the context of global inequality and advocates for a broader view of justice that includes capabilities and human rights.

Edited Volumes

"The Quality of Life" (1993) (co-edited with Martha Nussbaum)
- A collection of essays that explore well-being and quality of life, incorporating both philosophical and economic perspectives.
"Resources, Values and Development" (1984)
- An edited collection of Sen’s essays on welfare economics, inequality, and development.

Amartya Sen's work has influenced various fields, including development economics, social choice theory, philosophy, and human rights. His publications continue to shape debates on economic policy, justice, and global development.

____________________

"Democracy and Development in India: From Socialism to Pro-Business" (2009) Book by Atul Kohli

7 / 29

7. Who is associated with ‘Capability Concept’? (KERALA SET 2018 FEBRUARY)

A) Amartya Sen

B) Althusser

C) George Luckas

D) Edward Said.

The Capability Approach, developed by economist and philosopher Amartya Sen, is a conceptual framework used to evaluate individual well-being, social arrangements, and the development of societies. It emphasizes the real freedoms or capabilities people have to lead the kind of life they value, rather than merely focusing on material wealth or economic resources.

Key aspects of the Capability Approach include:

Capabilities: These refer to the substantive freedoms or opportunities that individuals have to achieve valuable outcomes. For example, the ability to be healthy, to pursue education, or to participate in social and political activities are all capabilities.
Functionings: These are the various states of being and activities that a person can achieve, such as being well-nourished, being literate, or being employed. Functionings are the actual achievements, while capabilities are the potential to achieve.
Focus on Individuals: The approach centers around individual freedom and agency. It evaluates how well individuals can convert available resources into functionings they value, considering factors like personal characteristics, social norms, and environmental conditions.
Comprehensive View of Development: Instead of focusing solely on economic indicators like GDP, the Capability Approach looks at the real freedoms and opportunities that individuals have. Development, from this perspective, means expanding people's capabilities to live a fulfilling life.
Justice and Inequality: The Capability Approach provides a way to think about social justice by identifying the gaps in capabilities between different groups. It recognizes that inequalities in education, healthcare, and social participation can limit people's freedoms and well-being, even if economic resources are available.

In summary, the Capability Approach shifts attention from traditional measures of economic development to a broader understanding of human well-being, focusing on what people can actually do and be in their lives.

8 / 29

8. Match the following: (KERALA SET 2022 JULY)

A) a-2, b-4, c-3, d-1

B) a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1

C) a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3

D) a-2, b-4, c-1, d-3

9 / 29

9. The author of The Argumentative Indian is: (Jadavpur University B.A 2010)

a) Amitav Ghosh

b) Ashok Sen

c) Vikram Seth

d) Amartya Sen

10 / 29

10. Arrange the following works of Amartya Sen in chronological order of his publications. (NET July 2016 Paper III)

(A) Idea of Justice

(B) Inequality Re-examined

(C) Development as Freedom

(D) Choice, Welfare and Measurement

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(a) (D), (B), (C), (A)

(b) (A), (B), (C), (D)

(c) (C), (D), (A), (B)

(d) (B), (A), (D), (C)

11 / 29

11. Which among the following sentences are associated with the notion of equality described by Amartya Sen? (NET June 2023 Shift II)

A. The basic capability, equality can be the sole guide to the moral good

B. Morality is not concerned only with equality

C. Basic capability, equality is a partial guide to the part of moral goodness that is associated with the idea of equality

D. The index of basic capabilities like utility, can be used in many different ways

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. B and D only

2. A and D only

3. A. B. C only

4. B, C, D only

12 / 29

12. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2012 Paper II)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

13 / 29

13. "The poor are poor... not because of what they do not have, but because of what they cannot do." Who said this? (NET June 2019 Paper II)

(a) Hans Singer

(b) Amartya Sen

(c) Mahboob ul Haq

(d) Harsh Mander

14 / 29

14. Who is the author of The Argumentative Indian? (University of Hyderabad M.A. 2013)

A) Arundhati Roy

B) Ramachandra Guha

C) Amartya Sen

D) Rajni Kothari

15 / 29

15. The author of "The idea of Justice" is: (JMI M.A. 2022)

A) John Rawls

B) Robert Nozick

C) Amartya Sen

D) None of these

16 / 29

16. Match List I with List II (KERALA SET JULY 2023)

A) a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2

B) a-1, b-3, c-4, d-2

C) a-1, b-2, c- 3, d-4

D) a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4

17 / 29

17. "In the terrible history of famines in the world, no substantial famine has ever occurred in any independent and democratic country with a relatively free press". With which of the following scholars would you associate this statement? (University of Hyderabad M.Phil 2020)

A. Arvind Subramanian

B. Amartya Sen

C. Arvind Panagariya

D. Raghuram Rajan

18 / 29

18. Who out of the following supports state intervention in development of the economy along with removal of major sources of unfreedom: poverty, tyranny and social deprivation? (JNU MA 2021)

1. Friedrich A. Hayek

2. Milton Friedman

3. Robert Nozick

4. Amartya Sen

19 / 29

19. Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET June 2012 Paper III)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

20 / 29

20. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the given codes below: (NET December 2013 Paper III)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

21 / 29

21. Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below: (NET July 2018 Paper II)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

22 / 29

22. Match the books with respective authors: (WEST BENGAL SET 2020)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

23 / 29

23. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (WEST BENGAL SET JANUARY 2023)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

24 / 29

24. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2018 PAPER III)

(A) John Rawls theory of justice - Each person is to have an equal right to the most extensive liberty compatible with similar liberty to others

(B) Feminist Account of Justice - The greatest benefit of the least advantaged

(C) John Rawls theory of justice - Attached to offices and positions open to all under conditions of fair equality and opportunity

(D) Amartya Sen Approach - Justice as a capability based.

25 / 29

25. Match the following: Match List I with List II (DU MA 2020)

1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

2. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

3. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

4. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

26 / 29

26. Identify the incorrect pair (DU MA 2019)

1. Political Development - Lucian W. Pye

2. Dependency theory - A. G. Frank

3. Civic Culture - Sydney Verba

4. Modernization theory - Amartya Sen

27 / 29

27. Match Column-A with Column-B, in terms of the codes below: (SLET 17th March 2024)

(A) (a)-2, (b)-(1), (c)-(3), (d)–(4)

(B) (a)-1, (b)-(2), (c)−(4), (d)–(3)

(C) (a)-(2), (b)-(4), (c)-(1), (d)-(3)

(D) (a)-(4), (b)-(3), (c)-(2), (d)–(1)

28 / 29

28. Match List-II with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2017 AUG PAPER II)

A

B

C

D

Major Works and Contributions

Books

"Collective Choice and Social Welfare" (1970)
- One of Sen's seminal works on welfare economics, this book explores how to aggregate individual preferences, welfare, and choices to reach collective decisions.
"Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation" (1981)
- Sen introduces the concept of entitlements and argues that famines occur not due to a lack of food, but because of inequalities in food distribution and access.
"Choice, Welfare and Measurement" (1982)
- A collection of essays where Sen addresses issues related to welfare economics, social choice, and individual preferences.
"Commodities and Capabilities" (1985)
- This book outlines the early foundations of the Capability Approach, focusing on the relationship between economic resources and human well-being.
"The Standard of Living" (1987)
- Based on Sen’s Tanner Lectures, this book delves into the concepts of wealth, quality of life, and the standard of living, introducing core ideas about capabilities.
"Inequality Re-examined" (1992)
- In this work, Sen critically assesses different concepts of inequality and justice, advocating for the Capability Approach as a better metric for evaluating well-being and equality.
"Development as Freedom" (1999)
- One of Sen's most famous works, this book argues that development should be seen as the expansion of people's freedoms, rather than simply economic growth. It emphasizes the role of political and social freedoms in enhancing well-being.
"Rationality and Freedom" (2002)
- Sen explores the relationship between rationality, freedom, and human decision-making, drawing from economics and philosophy.
"Identity and Violence: The Illusion of Destiny" (2006)
- This book examines the idea of identity and how it can lead to divisions and violence. Sen critiques the reductionist view of identity as a singular aspect of a person’s life.
"The Idea of Justice" (2009)
- Sen critiques traditional theories of justice (such as those by John Rawls) and argues for a comparative approach to justice, focusing on the practical realization of justice through public reasoning and capabilities.
"The Argumentative Indian" (2005)
- A collection of essays where Sen explores India's intellectual traditions and cultural diversity, emphasizing the role of argument and debate in Indian history.
"An Uncertain Glory: India and Its Contradictions" (2013) (co-authored with Jean Drèze)
- This book assesses India's development, highlighting the stark contrast between its economic growth and continuing social inequalities, with a focus on public services, education, and healthcare.
"Home in the World: A Memoir" (2021)
- Sen's memoir, where he reflects on his early life, education, and intellectual journey, including his experiences in India, England, and beyond.

29 / 29

29. Arrange the following books in order in which they appeared. Use the codes given below: (NET December 2011 Paper II)

(i) India Wins Freedom

(ii) My Experiments with Truth

(iii) Idea of Justice

(iv) The Indian struggle

Code:

(A) (iv), (ii), (i), (iii)

(B) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

(C) (ii), (iv), (i), (iii)

(D) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)

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Books

Selected Papers and Articles

Edited Volumes

Books

Selected Papers and Articles

Edited Volumes