Robert Nozick - Political Science Coaching Centre

7. Which political theorist uses the example of a basketball player, Wilt Chamberlain, to argue against patterned principles of distributive justice? (JNU MA 2019)

(A) Robert Nozick

(B) John Rawls

(D) Hannah Arendt

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8. The idea of rectificatory justice is part of whose theory of justice? (JNU MA 2019)

(A) Michael Sandel

(B) Amartya Sen

(D) Robert Nozick

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9. For Robert Nozick, taxation of earnings from labour is at par with forced labour because: (JNU MA 2021)

1. Forcing someone to provide to the needy is morally objectionable

2. Forms of taxation are immoral as they contain unjustified seizures of value from income earned by others

3. Taxation is based on end‐state and patterned principles of distributive justice that undermine notions of self‐ownership

4. All of the above

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10. Match List I with List II (DU MA 2021)

1. A-III, BI, C-II, D-IV

2. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

3. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III

4. A-II, B-IV, CI, D-III

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11. Who is the author of the book "Anarchy, State, and Utopia"? (DU MA 2018)

1. Milton Friedman

2. Friedrich Hayek

3. Ronald Dworkin

4. Robert Nozick

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12. Who among the following can be considered as an exponent of procedural theory of justice? (DU MA 2018)

1. C. B. Macpherson

2. Immanuel Kant

3. F. A. Hayek

4. Robert Nozick

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13. Who among the following advocates the 'Entitlement theory of Justice'? (CUET PG 2022)

(1) Kant

(2) Michael Sandel

(3) Robert Nozick

(4) Michael Walzer

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14. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R): (CUET PG 2023)

Assertion (A): Robert Nozick illustrated negative liberty in his writings.

Reason (R): According to Robert Nozick, the primary threat to liberty is the imposition of obligation to which one has not consented.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

2. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

3. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

4. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

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15. Match List-I with List-Il and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (CUET PG 2021)

1. (A)-(III); (B)-(1); (C)-(II); (D)-(IV)

2. (A)-(1): (B)-(III); (C)-(II); (D)-(IV)

3. (A)-(II); (B)-(IV); (C)-(III); (D)-(1)

4. (A)-(IV); (B)-(II); (C)-(1); (D)-(III)

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16. Who among the following viewed freedom in essentially economic terms and advocated the greatest possible freedom of choice in the market place? (TELANGANA SET 2022)

1. Thomas Paine

2. Robert Nozick

3. Samir Amin

4. David Harvey

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17. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (JAMMU & KASHMIR SET October 2023)

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18. Why Robert Nozick agrees with anarchist assertions regarding the position of State? (NET March 2023 Shift I)

Pick the incorrect argument

1. It is intrinsically immoral.

2. It maintains monopoly on the use of force.

3. It violates individual rights.

4. It's motive is welfare of citizens.

Explanation:

Robert Nozick, in his book Anarchy, State, and Utopia, partially agrees with anarchists on several points regarding the state, particularly their criticisms of the state's monopoly on force (2) and its potential to violate individual rights (3). He also considers the possibility that the state might be seen as intrinsically immoral (1) by some anarchists due to its coercive nature.

However, Nozick does not argue that the state's motive is the welfare of citizens (4). In fact, his minimal state theory focuses on the protection of individual rights, particularly property rights and the enforcement of contracts, rather than promoting general welfare. He opposes broader welfare functions of the state, seeing them as unjustified violations of personal freedom and rights.

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19. Identify the odd pair from the below: (WEST BENGAL SET 2020)

(A) Marx and Engels

(B) Sandel and Taylor

(D) Gandhi and Jayaprakash

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20. Who among the following is not a communitarian critic of Rawls? (WEST BENGAL SET JANUARY 2023)

(A) Robert Nozick

(B) Michael Sandel

(D) Charles Taylor

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21. Who said, ‘the minimal state is the most extensive state that can be justified, any state more extensive violates peoples rights’ ? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(A) Robert Nozick

(B) Hayek

(D) John Rawls

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22. In the opinion of Robert Nozik, which among the following state is legitimate? (KERALA SET 2018 JULY)

A) Minimal state

B) Democratic state

C) Welfare State

D) Socialist State

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23. Who wrote the book ‘Anarchy, State and Utopia’? (KERALA SET 2018 JULY)

A) John Rawls

B) Antonio Gramci

C) Theodore Adorno

D) Robert Nozick

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24. The concept of 'minimal state' was introduced by: (KERALA SET 2019 JULY)

A) Adam Smith

B) J. S. Mill

C) H. J. Laski

D) Robert Nozick

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25. Who among the following propagated the entitlement theory of justice? (KERALA SET 2019 FEBRUARY)

A) John Rawls

B) J. S. Mill

C) Bernard Krick

D) Robert Nozick

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26. Author of the book ‘Anarchy, State and Utopia’: (KERALA SET 2019 FEBRUARY)

A) Frederick Hayek

B) Robert Nozick

C) Jurgen Habermas

D) Joseph Proudhon

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27. Which among the following statements is wrong about Robert Nozik? (KERALA SET 2020 FEBRUARY)

A) He advocated Right based theory

B) He supported Utilitarianism

C) Free market economy is not beneficial

D) Man is an end in himself

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28. The entitlement theory of property has been propounded by: (KERALA SET 2022 JULY)

A) John Locke

B) John Rawls

C) Frederic A Hayek

D) Robert Nozick

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29. Who among the following argued that the past circumstances or actions of people can create “differential entitlements”? (KERALA SET 2022 JANUARY)

A) Rawls

B) Althusser

C) Habermas

D) Robert Nozick

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30. Author of ‘Anarchy, State and Utopia’ (KERALA SET 2022 JANUARY)

A) Robert Nozick

B) C B Macpherson

C) Karl Marx

D) Louis Althusser

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31. Who among the following argued that 'taxation is equivalent to forced labour'? (KARNATAKA SET 2014 PAPER III)

(A) Robert Nozick

(B) John Rawls

(D) Mc Iynter

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32. Robert Nozick is a supporter of : (RAJASTHAN SET 2013 PART 1)

(1) Utilitarianism

(2) Egalitarianism

(3) Welfare State

(4) Entitlement theory of Justice

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33. The Entitlement Theory of Property has been propounded by (NET June 2010 Paper II)

(A) John Locke

(B) John Rawls

(D) Rousseau

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34. Who said, 'Taxation equals forced labour'? (NET December 2013 Paper III)

(a) John Rawls

(b) Hayek

(d) Berlin

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35. Match the following: (NET December 2015 Paper II)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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36. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2015 Paper III)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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37. Match List I with List II: (NET March 2023 Shift II)

1. A - II, B - IV, C - III, D- I

2. A - III, B - I, C-II, D - IV

3. A - II, B - I, C-III, D - IV

4. A - III, B - IV, C-II, D-I

Here are key elements of how Hegel envisions the transformation of a state into an ethical state:

Recognition of Freedom: An ethical state recognizes and upholds the freedom of its individuals. Freedom, in Hegel's view, is not a license to do anything but the realization of one's true self within the context of a community.

Objective Spirit: Hegel's concept of "objective spirit" involves the embodiment of ethical principles in the laws, institutions, and practices of the state. This objective spirit reflects the shared ethical life of the community.

Development of Institutions: The ethical state develops institutions that promote the common good and facilitate the ethical development of its citizens. These institutions include the family, civil society, and the state, each playing a role in fostering ethical life.

Realization of Individual and Universal Will: The state, for Hegel, mediates between the individual will and the universal will. Through political participation and the development of laws, individuals contribute to the formation of a rational and ethical order that aligns with the common good.

Sovereignty of Reason: In an ethical state, reason governs both the actions of individuals and the decisions of the state. The ethical order is not arbitrary but is based on rational principles that contribute to the well-being of the community.

Civic Virtue and Duty: Citizens in an ethical state exhibit civic virtue and fulfill their duties. The ethical life is realized when individuals recognize their responsibilities to the community and actively participate in the political and social life of the state.

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38. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: (KERALA SET 2018 FEBRUARY)

Why does John Rawls work "A Theory of Justice (1971) consider a liberal work

John Rawls' "A Theory of Justice" is considered a liberal work primarily because it articulates principles of justice that emphasize individual rights, freedom, and equality. Here are some reasons why it is viewed as liberal:

Focus on Individual Rights: Rawls argues for a conception of justice that prioritizes the protection of individual rights and liberties. His principle of equal basic liberties ensures that each person has a fundamental set of freedoms that cannot be infringed upon by the state or other individuals.

Equality of Opportunity: Rawls emphasizes the importance of fair equality of opportunity, which is a key liberal principle. He argues that social and economic inequalities should be arranged so that they benefit everyone, especially the least advantaged, and that individuals should have an equal chance to compete for positions and opportunities in society.

Limited Government: While Rawls acknowledges the role of the state in ensuring justice and equality, he also emphasizes the importance of limiting government intervention in people's lives. He argues that individuals should have a significant degree of autonomy and that the state should only intervene to prevent violations of basic liberties or to address inequalities that harm the least advantaged.

Pluralism and Toleration: Rawls' theory is compatible with a pluralistic society where individuals hold diverse conceptions of the good life. He argues for a principle of toleration, where individuals respect each other's right to pursue their own conception of the good as long as it does not infringe upon the rights of others.

Overall, Rawls' "A Theory of Justice" is considered a liberal work because it promotes a vision of society based on individual rights, equality, and limited government intervention, which are core values of liberalism.

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39. Match List 1 with List II: (KERALA SET 2021 JULY)

A) a-2, b-4, c-3, d-1

B) a-3, b-2, c-1, d-4

C) a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1

D) a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4

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40. Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? (KARNATAKA SET 2016 PAPER II)

1. Contractualists - John Rawls

2. Libertarian - Robert Nozick

3. Communitarian - Charles Taylor

4. Totalitarian - Michels Oakeshott

Codes:

(A) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(B) 2 and 4

(D) 1, 2 and 3

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41. Give below are the List of authors and books. Match them by using the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET JULY 2004)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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42. Match the following: Match List I with List II (DU MA 2020)

1. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

2. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

3. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

4. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

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43. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2016 PAPER 3)

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44. Who among the following is the most outstanding contemporary advocate of libertarianism is? (JMI M.A. 2023)

(a) John Rawls

(b) Jurgen Habermas

(d) Robert Nozick

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45. The most outstanding contemporary advocate of libertarianism is: (JMI M.A. 2016)

(A) Rawls

(B) Habermas

(D) Nozick

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46. For propounding their theories the 'social contract theory' was used by: (NET June 2008)

(i) Marx

(ii) Rawls

(iii) Lenin

(iv) Nozick

(A) (i) and (ii) are correct

(B) (ii) and (iv) are correct

(D) (iii) and (iv) are correct

Among the given options, the social contract theory was used by (ii) John Rawls and (iv) Robert Nozick.

John Rawls: In his famous work A Theory of Justice (1971), Rawls used a modern version of the social contract to develop his theory of justice. He introduced the concept of the "original position" and the "veil of ignorance" to argue that rational individuals, under fair conditions, would agree on principles of justice that ensure fairness and equality.
Robert Nozick: Nozick, in Anarchy, State, and Utopia (1974), critiques and responds to Rawls's theory of justice. Although he rejects many aspects of social contract theory, his work is part of the broader discourse that emerged from the social contract tradition. He focuses on individual rights and a minimal state, grounded in libertarianism.

Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin did not use the social contract theory. Marx's theories are based on historical materialism and class struggle, not on a contractarian framework. Lenin, following Marxist principles, focused on revolutionary action and the role of the state in the context of class conflict, not the social contract.

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47. Match the following lists by identifying the correct code: (WB SET 2017 Paper III)

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48. Match the List-I with the List-II: (NET December 2008)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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49. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R): (NET December 2008)

Assertion (A): Nozic was a libertarian

Reason (R): Nozic stood for individual liberty and just property.

Which one of the following is correct?

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(D) (A) is true but (R) is false.

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50. Match the List-I with the List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET June 2008)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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51. Give, with the help of the code given below, the correct chronological order of publication of the following books: (NET June 2009)

(i) A Grammar of Politics

(ii) The End of History and the Last Man

(iii) The Two Treatises of Government

(iv) Anarchy, State and Utopia

Code:

(A) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)

(B) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)

(D) (ii), (iv), (i), (iii)

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52. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2011 Paper II)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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53. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2012 Paper II)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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54. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (WEST BENGAL SET JANUARY 2023)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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55. Who commented that unequal economic resources will mean unequal political resources? (WEST BENGAL SET 2015)

(A) Marx

(B) Lenin

(D) Dahl

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