State, Economy and Development - Political Science Coaching Centre

Created by

Dr. S. H. Sarkar

State, Economy and Development

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1. Who release the report of Household Consumption Expenditure Survey? (Current Affairs 14.05.2024)

NITI Aayog

National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

Ministry of Housing

Ministry of Rural Development

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2. Who is the Author of the recently published article "Income and Wealth Inequality in India, 1922-2023: The Rise of the Billionaire Raj"? (Current Affairs 02.05.2024)

Nitin Kumar Bharti, Lucas Chancel, Thomas Piketty, and Anmol Somanchi

Amartya Sen

Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo

Kaushik Basu

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3. Who publish the report of Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES) in India? (Current Affairs)

Ministry of Home Affairs

Central Statistical Office (CSO)

Niti Aayog

The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)

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4. 'Command Capitalism' was introduced with which five-year plan in India? (CUET PG 2024)

1. The First Five-Year Plan

2. The Second Five-Year Plan

3. The Third Five-Year Plan

4. The Fifth Five-Year Plan

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5. Consider the implications of new economic policy of reforms as implemented in India in 1991: (JNU MA 2020)

A. It has led to significant reduction in the level of poverty in India

B. It has led to India registering on an average six percent of growth in the last thirty years, making it one of the fastest growing economy in the world

C. It has led to accentuation of inter-state and intra-state disparities

D. Manufacturing sector has been the fastest growing sector followed by the agricultural and service sector

Which of the implications mentioned above is/are correct?

(A) A and B only

(B) B and C only

(C) A, B and C only

(D) A, B, C and D

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6. Consider the following factors related to the economic transition from development planning model to the market oriented economic growth model in 1991: (JNU MA 2020)

A. Oil Crisis due to gulf war

B. Collapse of Soviet Union followed by the other East European countries

C. Political and social instability in the country leading to the flight of capital

D. Balance of Payment crisis

Which of the factors mentioned above have been considered as causing the economic transition in India?

(A) A, B and D only

(B) A, B and C only

(C) A, B, C and D

(D) B and D only

The Gulf War, also known as Operation Desert Storm, was a conflict that took place in 1990–1991, primarily involving Iraq and a coalition of countries led by the United States. It was sparked by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 under the leadership of Saddam Hussein.

Key Points:

Background: Iraq, led by Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990, claiming that Kuwait was historically a part of Iraq and accusing it of oil overproduction, which allegedly hurt Iraq’s economy. Iraq was also facing large debts from its war with Iran and viewed Kuwait as a resource-rich target.
International Response: The United Nations condemned the invasion, and an international coalition was formed, consisting of 39 nations led by the United States. The coalition aimed to expel Iraqi forces from Kuwait. Saudi Arabia allowed coalition forces to deploy on its soil, fearing an Iraqi invasion.
Operation Desert Shield: This was the buildup of coalition forces in Saudi Arabia from August 1990 to January 1991, aimed at deterring further Iraqi aggression and preparing for military action to liberate Kuwait.
Operation Desert Storm: The actual combat phase began on January 17, 1991. After a massive air campaign, a ground offensive was launched on February 24, 1991. The coalition forces quickly defeated the Iraqi military, and Kuwait was liberated within 100 hours.
Aftermath:
- Iraq accepted the coalition's ceasefire terms on February 28, 1991. However, Saddam Hussein remained in power.
- The war caused significant destruction in Iraq, leading to humanitarian crises, but Hussein’s regime suppressed uprisings by Kurdish and Shia groups following the war.
- The conflict had long-term effects, including the imposition of sanctions on Iraq and the establishment of no-fly zones.
Impact on Global Politics: The Gulf War highlighted the dominance of the U.S. military in global affairs post-Cold War. It also significantly influenced the geopolitics of the Middle East, shaping future conflicts, particularly the 2003 Iraq War.

The Gulf War is often seen as a landmark event in modern military history due to the use of advanced technology, air power, and coalition warfare strategies.

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7. Which of the following sentences are correct? (JNU MA 2021)

A. Pranab Bardhan argued that India was leading to a 'crisis of governability' during 1990s

B. Ashutosh Varshney argued that a real divide exists between 'India' and 'Bharat'

C. Leela Fernandes has argued that emerging middle class in India is not a homogeous category

D. Pradeep Chhibber and Rahul Verma argued that there is an ideological space of party politics in India

E. Zoya Hasan had argued that the new farmer movements were more closer to the right wing political ideology

F. Gopal Guru has argued that only subalterns can articulate themselves as they have lived experiences of discrimination

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B, C, E and F only

2. A, C, D, E and F only

3. C, D, E and F only

4. All of the above

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8. Match List I with List II (JNU MA 2021)

1. A‐II, B‐I, C‐V, D‐III

2. A‐I, B‐III, C‐V, D‐II

3. A‐III, B‐V, C‐I , D‐II

4. A‐V, B‐II, C‐I, D‐IV

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9. According to Pradeep Chhibber, "weak associational life" in India results in:- (DU MA 2019)

1. Consolidation of social capital

2. An activist State

3. Fragmentation of the party system

4. Change in electoral law

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10. Who among the following describes India as a "polycentric hierarchy"? (DU MA 2019)

1. Aseema Sinha

2. M. P. Singh

3. Douglas Verney

4. Paul Wallace

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11. Who among the following scholars described the shift from an interventionist to a regulatory State in India? (CUET PG 2023)

1. Partha Chatterjee

2. Rajni Kothari

3. Lloyd Rudolph and Susanne Rudolph

4. John Harriss

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12. Who among the following used the term 'Bullock Capitalists'? (CUET PG 2021)

1. Granville Austin

2. Paul Brass

3. Myron Weiner

4. Lloyd Rudolph and Susanne Rudolph

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13. 'Bombay Plan' was about (GUJARAT SET 2021 DEC)

(A) State's predominant participation in economy

(B) Settling border disputes after partition

(C) Resolving Hindu-Muslim communal tensions during partition

(D) Industrial development of the country with public sector initiative and share

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14. Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization model of growth emerged during Prime Ministership of (GUJARAT SET 2021 DEC)

(A) Atal Bihari Vajpayee

(B) Narendra Modi

(C) Manmohan Singh

(D) P. V. Narsimha Rao

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15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2021 DEC)

A

B

C

D

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16. Planning Commission was set up by a Government of India resolution in (GUJARAT SET 2021 DEC)

(A) 1950

(B) 1951

(D) 1953

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17. Read the following statements regarding India's development policy and choose the correct code: (TELANGANA SET 2023)

A. The architecture of India's post-colonial development policy framework was inspired by the Japanese model of development.

B. India's green revolution was made possible through the Government's concerted effort and investment in agricultural research and extension services.

C. The New Economic Policies from 1991 resulted in the complete paradigm shift in policymaking emphasizing the liberalization and greater integration with the world economy.

Codes:

1. A, B and C

2. A and B only

3. A and C only

4. B and C only

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18. Consider the following in relation to economic development models of India and choose the correct code: (TELANGANA SET 2022)

1. As a part of mixed economy, the areas between public and private sector were demarcated and private sector was considered as senior partner in development.

2. The new economic policies-initiated expansion of private sector to facilitate corporate segment in services and manufacturing industries.

1. 1 only

2. 2 only

3. 1 & 2 Both

4. Neither 1 nor 2

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19. Consider the following remarks with reference to India's recent economic reforms. (JAMMU & KASHMIR SET JUNE 2022)

i. It lowers tariffs and non-tariff trade barriers.

ii. Transfer of a government-owned entity to a private sector.

iii. Relaxed the FDI rules.

iv. It adopted Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization.

Codes:

(A) i and ii

(B) iii and iv

(C) i, ii and iii

(D) i, ii, iii, and iv

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20. Who has conceptualised the idea of "demand polity and command polity"? (JAMMU & KASHMIR SET JUNE 2022)

(A) Myron Weiner

(B) Rajni Kothari

(C) Rudolph and Rudolph

(D) Asutosh Varshey

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21. The book titled 'The Political Economy of Development in India' is authored by (JAMMU & KASHMIR SET JUNE 2022)

(A) Pranab Bardhan

(B) E. Sridharana

(C) Ashutosh Varshney

(D) D.D. Basu

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22. Match List-I and List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (JAMMU & KASHMIR SET October 2023)

A

B

C

D

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23. Which of these statements about the Bombay Plan is incorrect? (JAMMU & KASHMIR SET October 2023)

(A) It supported state-ownership of industry

(B) It was made by some leading industrialists

(C) It supported the idea of planning strongly

(D) It was a blueprint for India's economic future

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24. Choose the correct answer. The Railway Board (PUMDET 2019)

(A) is a statutory body.

(B) was set-up under the President's special powers.

(C) was established by a resolution by the Union government

(D) is a Constitutional body.

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25. Who has called India a "Democratic Development State"? (GUJARAT SET 2016 PAPER 3)

(A) Paul Brass

(B) James Manor

(C) Christophe Jaffrelot

(D) Atul Kohli

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26. পরিকল্পনা কমিশনের প্রথম সভাপতি ছিলেন (7^TH SLST 2023)

(A) জহরলাল নেহেরু

(B) মৌলানা আবুল কালাম আজাদ

(C) সর্দার বল্লভভাই প্যাটেল

(D) উপরের কেউই নন

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27. জাতীয় পরিকল্পনা কমিশন এই ধারণাটি কার (7^TH SLST 2023)

(A) জওহরলাল নেহেরু

(B) মহাত্মা গান্ধী

(C) সুভাষচন্দ্র বসু

(D) এম. বিশ্বেশরায়া

Subhas Chandra Bose, a prominent leader in the Indian independence movement, had an indirect yet significant role in influencing India’s post-independence planning and economic strategies. While Bose himself passed away in 1945, before India’s independence in 1947, his vision for India’s industrial and economic growth continued to shape the policies adopted by the newly independent country.

Connection to the Planning Commission:

Economic Vision: Bose was a firm believer in state-led industrialization and economic planning. He was influenced by the Soviet model of central economic planning, advocating for rapid industrial development as a means to empower the nation and uplift the masses.
National Planning Committee (NPC): In 1938, when Bose was the president of the Indian National Congress, he set up the National Planning Committee (NPC) under the chairmanship of Jawaharlal Nehru. This committee was one of the earliest formal efforts to outline a blueprint for India’s economic development. The NPC aimed to devise plans for economic and industrial development, focusing on alleviating poverty, boosting employment, and enhancing self-reliance. Though its work was interrupted by World War II and the freedom struggle, it laid the foundation for the post-independence economic planning framework.
Influence on the Planning Commission: After independence, the Indian government established the Planning Commission in 1950, under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru, who was inspired by many of the ideas initially discussed by the NPC and Subhas Chandra Bose. The Planning Commission's focus on state-directed economic development and its Five-Year Plans reflected the socialist leanings that Bose and Nehru had both admired.

While Bose was not directly involved in the creation of the Planning Commission (which was established after his death), his ideas about economic planning, state intervention in industry, and national self-reliance significantly influenced the course of India’s post-independence development strategy.

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28. Which Indian politician has authored the book "India in Distress"? (JMI M.A. 2019)

A. Shashi Tharoor

B. Mamta Banerjee

C. Manmohan Singh

D. Arun Jaitley

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29. Which amongst the following bodies is tasked with estimating the national income of India: (JMI M.A. 2019)

A. Office of the Chief Economic Advisor

B. Ministry of Finance

C. Central Statistical Office

D. Ministry of Commerce

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30. India's pre-liberalisation protectionist trade policy was guided by (JMI M.A. 2019)

A. Poor balance of payments

B. Damaging legacy of colonialism

C. Low quality products

D. Severely controlled foreign exchange

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31. A pattern of consumption of goods and services designed to display the possession of wealth and a high standard of living is termed as: (JMI M.A. 2019)

A. Conspicuous absence

B. Conspicuous consumption

C. Conspicuous expenditure

D. Conspicuous Presence

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32. Chronologically arrange the stages of economic development. (NET June 2023 Shift I)

A. Age of high mass-consumption

B. Pre take off stage

C. Age of maturity

D. Take off stage

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. B. D. C, A

2. A. B. C. D

3. D. A. B. C

4. B. C. A. D

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33. Which of these statements are made by Rahul Mukherji in his book Political Economy of Reforms in India? (NET June 2023 Shift I)

A. India's economy does follow the typical East Asian Path

B. BoP crisis of 1991 was an internal shock

C. Ideational changes of 1980s were important to understand globalization of economy in 1991

D. State-driven nationalization demand a powerful state.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. A and B only

2. B and C only

3. C and D only

4. D only

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34. What is the time period of the First Five Year Plan in India? (PUMDET 2024)

(A) 1948-1953

(B) 1949-1954

(D) 1951-1956

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35. Issues and challenges of participatory development paradigm in India are: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2020 PAPER II)

(a) Poor development governance

(b) Poor involvement of civil society: organisations in the development process

(c) Effective democratic decentralization

Codes:

(A) (a), (b) and (c)

(B) (b) and (c)

(C) (a) and (b)

(D) (a) and (c)

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36. The Planning Commission of India published ‘India Human Development Report 2011 : Towards Social Inclusion’. It studies: (MAHARASHTRA SET 2023)

(a) Relationship between Asset Ownership and Poverty

(b) Condition and Challenges regarding Nutrition

(c) Status of Child Labour

(d) Status of Irrigation Projects

(A) (a), (c), (d)

(B) (a), (b), (d)

(C) (a), (b), (c)

(D) (b), (c), (d)

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37. What is the objective / function of the National Development Council? (KERALA SET 2013 DECEMBER)

A) To approve the Five – Year plans made by the Planning Commission with inputs from the Union and the State Governments

B) To settle economic disputes among the Union and the State Governments

C) To settle inter-ministerial disputes in the Union Government

D) To settle inter-ministerial disputes in the State Governments

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38. Which of the following is not a constitutional organ? (KERALA SET 2013 DECEMBER)

A) Election Commission

B) Finance Commission

C) Inter State Council

D) Planning Commission

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39. First five-year plan was launched in: (KERALA SET 2015 DECEMBER)

A) 1950

B) 1951

C) 1952

D) 1953

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40. Economic liberalisation in lndia involved (University of Hyderabad MA 2016)

a. dismantling state planning and control over the economy

b. Public Private Partnerships

c. disinvestment in public sector companies and undertakings

d. All of the above

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41. Which of the following was not a part of the early phase of India's development policy? (PUBDET 2019)

(A) Planning

(B) Cooperatives

(C) Community development

(D) Liberalization

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42. Which of the following are the main problems of nation building in India? Select the correct answer from the code given below: (NET November 2017 Paper III)

(A) Poverty

(B) Illiteracy

(C) Trade Unions

(D) Corruption

(E) Regional Political Parties

(F) Terrorism

Code:

(a) (A), (B), (E), (F)

(b) (A), (C), (D), (E), (F)

(c) (A), (B), (D), (F)

(d) (B), (D), (E), (F)

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43. The Second Five Year Plan was drafted under the leadership of _________ (CUET UG 2024)

(1) K. N. Raj

(2) P. C. Mahalanobis

(3) J. C. Kumar

(4) P. C. Mahapatra

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44. Statement I: The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industries.

Statement II: A bulk of industries like electricity, railways, steel could be developed by the privet

(CUET UG 2024)

(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

(2) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

(3) Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect

(4) Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct

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45. Who among the following was known as the "Milkman of India"? (CUET UG 2024)

(1) Arun Krishna

(2) Muljibhai Patel

(3) Verghese Kurien

(4) M.S. Swaminathan

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46. The proportion of people living below poverty line (BPL) in 2011-12 in India is (JMI M.A. 2016)

(A) 21.9%

(B) 22.9%

(C) 37.2%

(D) 28%

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47. Which among the following statements is true about "Start Up India" Scheme? (JMI M.A. 2016)

(A) It seeks to make the young people job creators rather than job seekers

(B) Start-ups are provided relaxation in income tax for first three years

(C) No inspection of start-ups in the first three years

(D) All of the above

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48. Which one of the following is on the path of becoming India's first fully digitised State? (JMI M.A. 2016)

(A) Kamataka

(B) West Bengal

(C) Haryana

(D) Kerala

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49. Which one of the following is not a recommendation of the 14 Commission? (JMI M.A. 2016)

(A) The share of states in the net proceeds of the shareable Central taxes should be 32%

(B) Revenue deficit to be progressively reduced and eliminated.

(C) Fiscal deficit to be reduced to 3% of the GDP by 2017-18.

(D) A target of 62% of GDP for the combined debt of centre and states.

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50. It has been argued that India at the time of decolonization almost lacked all the ingredients that make liberal democracy a success. Consider the following factors. (JNU MA 2020)

A. Extreme Poverty and Low level of literacy

B. Lack of Industrialization and absence of a sizable middle class

C. Hierarchical social order ‘almost deliberately designed to resist the idea of political equality’

D. Flared up cultural, linguistic and religious distinctions

E. Ack of a pluralist and accommodative culture

Which of the factor(s) mentioned above were the concerns for the long-term success of Indian democracy?

(A) A, B and E only

(B) A, B and C only

(C) A, B, C and D only

(D) A, B, C, D and E

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51. In which book was the idea of 'Soft State' discussed? (WB SET 2015 Paper III)

(A) Asian Drama

(B) American Dilemma

(C) India Independent

(D) Hind Swaraj

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52. Match List I (programmes) with List II (plan period) and relate the correct answer from given codes select: (WB SET 2017 Paper III)

A

B

C

D

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53. The idea that India was a ‘Soft State’ and ill equipped to carry out its promises was mooted by: (Kerala SET July 2024)

A) Samir Amin

B) Gunnar Myrdal

C) A G Frank

D) Edward Said

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54. Given below are two statement, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). (NET December 2008)

Assertion (A): Economic Development reduces the significance of parochial ties by the creation of non-parochial economic loyalties.

Reason (R): Sectarian strifes have increasingly got aggravated.

Choose the correct answer from the following:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

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55. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R): (NET December 2011 Paper II)

Assertion (A): The Indian citizens need patience and determination to preserve the gains made so for by the social and economic reforms.

Reason (R): Indian society is involved in democratic churning.

Choose the correct answer from the codes given below :

(A) Both (A) and (R) are individually correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are individually correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

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56. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was established in the year (WEST BENGAL SET 2018 PAPER II)

(A) 1991

(B) 1995

(D) 1999

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57. Who among the following mooted the idea that India was a ‘soft state’ and was ill-equipped to carry out its promises? (WEST BENGAL SET 2020)

(A) Samir Amin

(B) Gunnar Myrdal

(C) Andre Gurder Frank

(D) Edward Said

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58. The focus of the First Five Year Plan was (WEST BENGAL SET DECEMBER 2023)

(A) industrialisation and the secondary sector.

(B) agriculture and the primary sector.

(C) services and the tertiary sector.

(D) aviation, shipping and transport sector.

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59. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from thecodes given below: (NET June 2011 Paper II)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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60. Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2012 Paper III)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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Key Points: