Modernization - Political Science Coaching Centre

Created by

Dr. S. H. Sarkar

Unit 4: Comparative Political Analysis

Modernization

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1. Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (NET December 2010 Paper II)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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2. Who among the following stated that a developing society in order to reach the goals of development would have to pass through the stages of political unification, industrialization, national welfare and abundance? (NET December 2012 Paper II)

(a) Rustow

(b) Organski

(c) Lucian Pye

(d) David Apter

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3. Which of the following thinkers defined modernization in terms of three conditions: (NET December 2013 Paper III)

(i) An innovative social system

(ii) Differentiated, flexible social structure

(iii) Social basis for skill and knowledge, in technologically advanced world.

(a) C.E. Black

(b) David E. Apter

(c) Samuel P. Huntington

(d) S.N. Eisenstadt

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4. Arrange the following books in order in which they appeared: (NET December 2014 Paper III)

Political Order in Changing Societies
The Politics of Modernization
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(a) 2, 1, 4 and 3

(b) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(c) 2, 1, 3 and 4

(d) 1, 2, 4 and 3

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5. The five stages of economic growth proposed by W.W. Rostow are: (NET December 2015 Paper III)

(a) Traditional society, mercantile capitalism, industrial capitalism, financial capitalism, globalisation.

(b) Preconditions for take-off, take- off, maturing of industry, industrial capitalism, full employment.

(c) Traditional society, preconditions for take-off, take-off, drive to maturity, the epoch of high mass consumption.

(d) Preconditions for take-off, mechanisation, industrialisation, take-off, financial capitalism.

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6. The Theory of Modernization and decay is formulated by (NET January 2017 Paper III)

(a) Rostow

(b) Pye

(c) Huntington

(d) Lipset

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7. Modernization is commonly understood as being analogous to: (NET July 2018 Paper II)

(A) Westernization

(B) Europeanization

(C) Rise of Nation State System

(D) Industrialization

Choose the correct answer from the below:

(a) (C), (D)

(b) (B), (C)

(c) (A), (B), (C)

(d) (A), (B), (C), (D)

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8. How many stages of economic growth does Walt W. Rostow outline in his book "Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto" [1960]? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2016 PAPER II)

(A) 5

(B) 4

(C) 6

(D) 7

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9. Which among the following is not mentioned in the five stages of growth mentioned by W. Rostow? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2021 PAPER II)

(A) Traditional Society

(B) Take-off state

(C) High mass consumption

(D) Technological advancement

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10. Political Man is written by: (KERALA SET 2015 DECEMBER)

A) Edward Shils

B) James S. Coleman

C) Walt W. Rostow

D) Martin Lipset

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11. In the literature on political modernization, which of the following is not emphasized? (GUJARAT SET 2013 PAPER III)

(A) Stability

(B) Order

(C) Progress

(D) Change in developing societies through non-western way

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12. Which of the following is an example of 'modernization with democracy'? (GUJARAT SET 2013 PAPER III)

(A) Hitler's Germany

(B) Russia under Peter the Great

(C) Turkey under Mustafa Kamal Pasha

(D) Japan in the post Second World War period

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13. According to W.W. Rostow, every country has to pass through five stages of economic development: (University of Hyderabad Ph.D 2020)

I. Traditional Society

II. Drive to Maturity

III. Pre-conditions of take-off

IV. Take off

V. High Mass Consumption

Which of the following options has a correct order of the five stages?

A. I, II, III, IV, V

B. I, III, IV, II, V

C. III, IV, I, II, V

D. I, IV, III, II, V

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14. Why did the theory of modernization emerged? (Maharashtra SET 2024 Paper II)

(A) To guide the developing countries about their development.

(B) Providing loan to developing countries

(C) Giving economic support to the developing countries

(D) To give lessons of politics to the developing countries

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15. According to WW Rostow's economic growth theory, every country passes stages of (University of Hyderabad Ph.D 2023)

I. Traditional society

II. Precondition of take-off

III. Take off

IV. Drive to maturity

V. Age of mass consumption

Choose the correct sequence

A. I, III, II, IV & V

B. II, III, I, V & IV

C. IV, I, II, III & V

D. I, II, III, IV & V

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16. Which of the following revolution is not mentioned by Seymour M. Lipset and Stein Rokkan? (Rajasthan PGT 2024 Paper II)

(1) National Revolution

(2) Structural Revolution

(3) International Revolution

(4) Industrial Revolution

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17. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched (NET December 2007)

(A) Pareto : Circulation of elites

(B) Political Socialisation : Process of induction of political calture

(C) Lucian Pye : Structural differentiation

(D) Organski : Political decay

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18. Assertion (A): Political modernization is regarded as the result of social mobilisation and economic development.

Reason (R): Both social mobilisation and economic development are very much in evidence in the developing societies.

(NET June 2009)

(A) Both (A) and (R) true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

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19. Find out the correct definition of different scholars on party systems (NET DECEMBER 2023)

A. Modern democracy is a party democracy (Katz)

B. Democracy is unthinkable save in terms of parties (Schumpeter)

C. Parties are the core institutions of democratic politics (Lipset)

D. The existence of political parties is often as a necessary condition for the existence of modern democracy (Robert Dahl)

1. A, B, C, D only

2. B only

3. D only

4. A & C only

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20. Find the mismatch(es) in the works and their authors (KERALA SET 2015 DECEMBER)

1. Karl Duestch - Nationalism and Social Communication

2. F. Organski - The Stages of Political Development

3. Talcott Parsons - The Structure of Social Action

4. David Apter - The Politics of Modernization

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 3 and 4 only

C) 1 only

D) None of the above

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21. Who argues that Institutionalization Is necessary for modernization and democracy? (MAHARASHTRA SET 2017 PAPER III)

(A) Huntington

(B) Marx

(C) Gramsci

(D) Susan Moller Okin

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22. Match the books (List II) with their authors (List I) by identifying the correct code: (WB SET 2017 Paper III)

A

B

C

D

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23. Who among the following defines modemization as "a multifaceted process involving changes in all areas of human thought and activity”? (NET December 2006)

(A) Kenneth Organski

(B) Lucian Pye

(C) Almond and Powell

(D) Samuel Huntington

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24. Identify the correct chronological order in which the following books were published: (NET December 2007)

(i) Political Man

(ii) The Power Elite

(iii) Theory and Practice of Modern Governments

(iv) Comparative Politics: A Developmental Approach

Codes:

(A) (i), (iv), (ii), (1)

(B) (iv), (i), (iii), (ii)

(C) (iii) (ii), (i), (iv)

(D) (ii), (iv), (1), (1)

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25. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? (NET December 2012 Paper II)

(a) Lucian Pye : Modernisation Theory

(b) Wallerstein : World System Theory

(c) Theda Skocpol : New Institutionalism

(d) Karl Deutsch : Communications Theory

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26. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the given codes below: (NET December 2013 Paper III)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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27. Who among the following contended that political development is administrative and legal development? (NET July 2016 Paper II)

(A) R. Rostow

(B) Talcott Parsons

(C) Sorokin

(D) Max Waber

Codes:

(a) (A) and (D)

(b) (B) and (D)

(c) (A) and (C)

(d) (B) and (C)

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28. Match the theorists (List-1) with associated concepts (List-II) by identifying the correct code: (WEST BENGAL SET 2022)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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29. Match List - I with List - II: (KERALA SET 2020 FEBRUARY)

A) a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3

B) a-2, b-4, c-1, d-3

C) a-1, b-4, c-3, d-2

D) a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2

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30. Rostow's Stages of Growth model postulates that economic growth occurs in ----- basic stages. (KERALA SET 2022 JULY)

A) Three

B) Four

C) Five

D) Six

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31. Arrange these books in the chronological order (year of first publication) in an ascending order and choose the correct answer from the codes given below. (GUJARAT SET 2023)

a. The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto by W.W. Rostow

b. The Passing of Traditional Society by Daniel Lerner

c. The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Times by Karl Polanyi

d. Bureaucracy and Political Development by Joseph La Palombara

Codes:

(A) a, b, d, c

(B) c, b, a, d

(C) a, b, c, d

(D) c, b, d, a

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32. Match Column-A with Column-B, in terms of the codes below: (SLET 17th March 2024)

(A) (a)-2, (b)-(1), (c)-(3), (d)–(4)

(B) (a)-1, (b)-(2), (c)−(4), (d)–(3)

(C) (a)-(2), (b)-(4), (c)-(1), (d)-(3)

(D) (a)-(4), (b)-(3), (c)-(2), (d)–(1)

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33. Match List-II with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below: (GUJARAT SET 2017 AUG PAPER II)

A

B

C

D

Major Works and Contributions

Books

"Collective Choice and Social Welfare" (1970)
- One of Sen's seminal works on welfare economics, this book explores how to aggregate individual preferences, welfare, and choices to reach collective decisions.
"Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation" (1981)
- Sen introduces the concept of entitlements and argues that famines occur not due to a lack of food, but because of inequalities in food distribution and access.
"Choice, Welfare and Measurement" (1982)
- A collection of essays where Sen addresses issues related to welfare economics, social choice, and individual preferences.
"Commodities and Capabilities" (1985)
- This book outlines the early foundations of the Capability Approach, focusing on the relationship between economic resources and human well-being.
"The Standard of Living" (1987)
- Based on Sen’s Tanner Lectures, this book delves into the concepts of wealth, quality of life, and the standard of living, introducing core ideas about capabilities.
"Inequality Re-examined" (1992)
- In this work, Sen critically assesses different concepts of inequality and justice, advocating for the Capability Approach as a better metric for evaluating well-being and equality.
"Development as Freedom" (1999)
- One of Sen's most famous works, this book argues that development should be seen as the expansion of people's freedoms, rather than simply economic growth. It emphasizes the role of political and social freedoms in enhancing well-being.
"Rationality and Freedom" (2002)
- Sen explores the relationship between rationality, freedom, and human decision-making, drawing from economics and philosophy.
"Identity and Violence: The Illusion of Destiny" (2006)
- This book examines the idea of identity and how it can lead to divisions and violence. Sen critiques the reductionist view of identity as a singular aspect of a person’s life.
"The Idea of Justice" (2009)
- Sen critiques traditional theories of justice (such as those by John Rawls) and argues for a comparative approach to justice, focusing on the practical realization of justice through public reasoning and capabilities.
"The Argumentative Indian" (2005)
- A collection of essays where Sen explores India's intellectual traditions and cultural diversity, emphasizing the role of argument and debate in Indian history.
"An Uncertain Glory: India and Its Contradictions" (2013) (co-authored with Jean Drèze)
- This book assesses India's development, highlighting the stark contrast between its economic growth and continuing social inequalities, with a focus on public services, education, and healthcare.
"Home in the World: A Memoir" (2021)
- Sen's memoir, where he reflects on his early life, education, and intellectual journey, including his experiences in India, England, and beyond.

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